How to format your references using the International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bowler PJ (2009) Darwin’s Originality. Science 323:223–226

A journal article with 2 authors

Jin X, Costa RM (2010) Start/stop signals emerge in nigrostriatal circuits during sequence learning. Nature 466:457–462

A journal article with 3 authors

Parkinson GN, Lee MPH, Neidle S (2002) Crystal structure of parallel quadruplexes from human telomeric DNA. Nature 417:876–880

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Lee LTL, He J, Wang B, et al (2014) Few-layer MoSe₂ possessing high catalytic activity towards iodide/tri-iodide redox shuttles. Sci Rep 4:4063

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Parker D (2016) International Valuation Standards. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Feron E (2016) Advances in Control System Technology for Aerospace Applications, 1st ed. 2016. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Aurnhammer M, Hanappe P, Steels L (2006) Augmenting Navigation for Collaborative Tagging with Emergent Semantics. In: Cruz I, Decker S, Allemang D, et al (eds) The Semantic Web - ISWC 2006: 5th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2006, Athens, GA, USA, November 5-9, 2006. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 58–71

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics.

Blog post

Luntz S (2014) Physicists Have A New Theory On How The Egyptians Built The Pyramids. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/physicists-have-new-theory-how-egyptians-built-pyramids/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1978) Activities of the Economic Opportunities Development Corporation of San Antonio and Bexar County, Texas. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nasiriamini S (2010) The need for adaptive network application architectures. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J (2017) Mets Win as Bruce Drives in Five Runs With Two Homers. New York Times B13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics
ISSN (print)	1868-8071
ISSN (online)	1868-808X
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Software