How to format your references using the International Journal of Infectious Diseases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Infectious Diseases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tymoczko D. The geometry of musical chords. Science. 2006 Jul 7;313(5783):72–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hirose T, Horvitz HR. An Sp1 transcription factor coordinates caspase-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways. Nature. 2013 Aug 15;500(7462):354–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zeng C, Liu X, Wang G. Electrically tunable graphene plasmonic quasicrystal metasurfaces for transformation optics. Sci Rep. 2014 Jul 21;4:5763.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Reganold JP, Glover JD, Andrews PK, Hinman HR. Sustainability of three apple production systems. Nature. 2001 Apr 19;410(6831):926–30.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kobilinsky L, Liotti TF, Oeser-Sweat J. DNA: Forensic and Legal Applications. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2004.

An edited book

Wyrzykowski R, Dongarra J, Karczewski K, Wasniewski J, editors. Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics: 8th International Conference, PPAM 2009, Wroclaw, Poland, September 13-16, 2009. Revised Selected Papers, Part I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 6067).

A chapter in an edited book

Rodrigues ER, Achcar JA. Modeling the Time Between Ozone Exceedances. In: Achcar JA, editor. Applications of Discrete-time Markov Chains and Poisson Processes to Air Pollution Modeling and Studies. New York, NY: Springer; 2013. p. 65–78. (SpringerBriefs in Mathematics).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Infectious Diseases.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Astronomers Have Found The Roundest Object In The Universe [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/astronomers-have-found-the-roundest-object-in-the-universe/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. School Vouchers: Characteristics of Privately Funded Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002 Sep. Report No.: GAO-02-752.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Binkley PM. Relationship of Graduate Student Involvement to Graduate Alumni Donor Behavior [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Mets Have Little Time To Get Into Wild-Card Race. New York Times. 2017 Jun 21;B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Tymoczko 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Tymoczko 2006; Hirose and Horvitz 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hirose and Horvitz 2013)
Three or more authors: (Reganold et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Abbreviation	Int. J. Infect. Dis.
ISSN (print)	1201-9712
Scope	General Medicine Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)