How to format your references using the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chandler, V.L., 2010. Paramutation’s properties and puzzles. Science 330, 628–629.

A journal article with 2 authors

Liu, S.Q., Cull-Candy, S.G., 2000. Synaptic activity at calcium-permeable AMPA receptors induces a switch in receptor subtype. Nature 405, 454–458.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sugawara, T., Kano, F., Murata, M., 2014. Rab2A is a pivotal switch protein that promotes either secretion or ER-associated degradation of (pro)insulin in insulin-secreting cells. Sci. Rep. 4, 6952.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

France, K., McCray, R., Heng, K., Kirshner, R.P., Challis, P., Bouchet, P., Crotts, A., Dwek, E., Fransson, C., Garnavich, P.M., Larsson, J., Lawrence, S.S., Lundqvist, P., Panagia, N., Pun, C.S.J., Smith, N., Sollerman, J., Sonneborn, G., Stocke, J.T., Wang, L., Wheeler, J.C., 2010. Observing supernova 1987A with the refurbished Hubble Space Telescope. Science 329, 1624–1627.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cannon, C.M., 2011. An Executive’s Guide to Fundraising Operations. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Rabl, T., Raghunath, N., Poess, M., Bhandarkar, M., Jacobsen, H.-A., Baru, C. (Eds.), 2014. Advancing Big Data Benchmarks: Proceedings of the 2013 Workshop Series on Big Data Benchmarking, WBDB.cn, Xi’an, China, July16-17, 2013 and WBDB.us, San José, CA, USA, October 9-10, 2013, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Dong, L., Chen, K., 2012. Security Analysis of Real World Protocols, in: Chen, K. (Ed.), Cryptographic Protocol: Security Analysis Based on Trusted Freshness. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 153–213.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. What Happens To A Dead Body In The Ocean? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/oxygen-levels-affect-how-quickly-scavengers-eat-bodies-ocean/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1999. Surface Infrastructure: High-Speed Rail Projects in the United States (No. RCED-99-44). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yu, W., 2012. Impacts of storms and sea-level rise on coastal evolution between two capes: Onslow Bay, North Carolina (Doctoral dissertation). University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chandler, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Chandler, 2010; Liu and Cull-Candy, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Liu and Cull-Candy, 2000)
Three or more authors: (France et al., 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
Abbreviation	Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health
ISSN (print)	1438-4639
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health