How to format your references using the International Journal of Health Geographics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Health Geographics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Kleppner D. Physics. A milestone in time keeping. Science. 2008;319:1768–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Jacob Z, Shalaev VM. Physics. Plasmonics goes quantum. Science. 2011;334:463–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Hoeppner DJ, Hengartner MO, Schnabel R. Engulfment genes cooperate with ced-3 to promote cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 2001;412:202–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Lee LTL, He J, Wang B, Ma Y, Wong KY, Li Q, et al. Few-layer MoSe₂ possessing high catalytic activity towards iodide/tri-iodide redox shuttles. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4063.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Mead JM, Gruneberg S. Programme Procurement in Construction. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2013.

An edited book

1. Chishti AS, Alam S, Kiessling SG, editors. Kidney and Urinary Tract Diseases in the Newborn. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Janusz A, Ślęzak D. Random Probes in Computation and Assessment of Approximate Reducts. In: Kryszkiewicz M, Cornelis C, Ciucci D, Medina-Moreno J, Motoda H, Raś ZW, editors. Rough Sets and Intelligent Systems Paradigms: Second International Conference, RSEISP 2014, Held as Part of JRS 2014, Granada and Madrid, Spain, July 9-13, 2014 Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 53–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Health Geographics.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Plants’ Chemical Warfare Mechanism Revealed For First Time [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/plants-chemical-warfare-mechanism-revealed-first-time/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: Census Bureau Needs to Implement Key Management Practices. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012 Sep. Report No.: GAO-12-915.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Conner PA. The STAR Math test as a predictor of Arkansas BenchmarkTest scores [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly C. Finishing Tarrytown Hall, in Nick of Time. New York Times. 2008 Mar 2;WE2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Health Geographics
Abbreviation	Int. J. Health Geogr.
ISSN (online)	1476-072X
Scope	General Business, Management and Accounting General Computer Science Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health