How to format your references using the Journal of Natural Medicines citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Natural Medicines. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Turk-Browne NB (2013) Functional interactions as big data in the human brain. Science 342:580–584

A journal article with 2 authors

Blaser MJ, Kirschner D (2007) The equilibria that allow bacterial persistence in human hosts. Nature 449:843–849

A journal article with 3 authors

Morens DM, Subbarao K, Taubenberger JK (2012) Engineering H5N1 avian influenza viruses to study human adaptation. Nature 486:335–340

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Lobell DB, Burke MB, Tebaldi C, et al (2008) Prioritizing climate change adaptation needs for food security in 2030. Science 319:607–610

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bennett MR, Hacker PMS (2012) History of Cognitive Neuroscience. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Gruber CW, Clark MG, Klempe SH, Valsiner J (2015) Constraints of Agency: Explorations of Theory in Everyday Life. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Neckers L, Ivy P (2008) 17-AAG. In: Kaufman HL, Wadler S, Antman K (eds) Molecular Targeting in Oncology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp 75–95

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Natural Medicines.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013) Caution: Dead Whale Contents Under Pressure. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/caution-dead-whale-contents-under-pressure/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2001) Student Financial Aid: Use of Middleware for Systems Integration Holds Promise. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wolodkowicz R (2008) Leadership qualities and employee-student future intentions. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cowen T (2015) Open Markets, but Maybe Not Open Minds. New York Times BU6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Natural Medicines
Abbreviation	J. Nat. Med.
ISSN (print)	1340-3443
ISSN (online)	1861-0293
Scope	Molecular Medicine Organic Chemistry General Medicine Complementary and alternative medicine Drug Discovery Pharmaceutical Science

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