How to format your references using the International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dyson, F. (2005). Physics. Hans A. Bethe (1906-2005). Science (New York, N.Y.), 308(5719), 219.

A journal article with 2 authors

Maizels, R. M., & Gause, W. C. (2014). Immunology. How helminths go viral. Science (New York, N.Y.), 345(6196), 517–518.

A journal article with 3 authors

Baumgart, T., Hess, S. T., & Webb, W. W. (2003). Imaging coexisting fluid domains in biomembrane models coupling curvature and line tension. Nature, 425(6960), 821–824.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Santoro, M., Gorelli, F. A., Bini, R., Ruocco, G., Scandolo, S., & Crichton, W. A. (2006). Amorphous silica-like carbon dioxide. Nature, 441(7095), 857–860.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bech, S., & Zacharov, N. (2006). Perceptual Audio Evaluation-Theory, Method and Application. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Friberg, J. (2016). New Mathematical Cuneiform Texts. (F. N. H. Al-Rawi, Ed.). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Kern, T. A., & Meckel, O. (2009). Internal Structure of Haptic Systems. In T. A. Kern (Ed.), Engineering Haptic Devices: A Beginner’s Guide for Engineers (pp. 95–110). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2017, March 6). Vaccine Breakthrough Of 1962 Has Saved 10 Million Lives Globally. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/vaccine-breakthrough-of-1962-has-saved-10-million-lives-globally/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1988). DOT Airline Industry Oversight (No. T-RCED-88-36). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hong, P. K. (2013). Stomach cancer diet education and screening awareness in East Asian American women (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lyman, R. (2017, September 25). Polish President Offers Plan to End Court Crisis, but the Response Is Tepid. New York Times, p. A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Dyson 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Dyson 2005; Maizels and Gause 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Maizels and Gause 2014)
Three or more authors: (Santoro et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics
ISSN (print)	1389-6563
ISSN (online)	1573-6962
Scope