How to format your references using the International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ward, M.D.: Materials science. Snapshots of crystal growth. Science. 308, 1566–1567 (2005)

A journal article with 2 authors

Smetacek, V., Nicol, S.: Polar ocean ecosystems in a changing world. Nature. 437, 362–368 (2005)

A journal article with 3 authors

Delsuc, F., Phillips, M.J., Penny, D.: Comment on “Hexapod origins: monophyletic or paraphyletic?” Science. 301, 1482; author reply 1482 (2003)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Banino, A., Barry, C., Uria, B., Blundell, C., Lillicrap, T., Mirowski, P., Pritzel, A., Chadwick, M.J., Degris, T., Modayil, J., Wayne, G., Soyer, H., Viola, F., Zhang, B., Goroshin, R., Rabinowitz, N., Pascanu, R., Beattie, C., Petersen, S., Sadik, A., Gaffney, S., King, H., Kavukcuoglu, K., Hassabis, D., Hadsell, R., Kumaran, D.: Vector-based navigation using grid-like representations in artificial agents. Nature. 557, 429–433 (2018)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

West, B.J., Griffin, L.A.: Biodynamics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2005)

An edited book

Beck, U. ed: Ulrich Beck: Pioneer in Cosmopolitan Sociology and Risk Society. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2014)

A chapter in an edited book

Zhou, Z., Mu, Y., Zhao, N., Wu, Q.M.J., Yang, C.-N.: Coverless Information Hiding Method Based on Multi-keywords. In: Sun, X., Liu, A., Chao, H.-C., and Bertino, E. (eds.) Cloud Computing and Security: Second International Conference, ICCCS 2016, Nanjing, China, July 29-31, 2016, Revised Selected Papers, Part I. pp. 39–47. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2016)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering.

Blog post

Carpineti, A.: Star Might Have Been Faking A Supernova Explosion, https://www.iflscience.com/space/star-might-have-been-faking-a-supernova-explosion/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Space Acquisitions: Stronger Development Practices and Investment Planning Needed to Address Continuing Problems. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2005)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reilly, C.A.: Information and Communication Technology Use in the College Classroom: Adjunct Faculty Perspectives, (2014)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Nir, S.M., Surico, J.: Three Shots and an Officer Down: Gripping Testimony in Queens, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering
Abbreviation	Int. J. Energy Environ. Eng.
ISSN (print)	2008-9163
ISSN (online)	2251-6832
Scope	General Energy Environmental Engineering