How to format your references using the International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Chapman CR. Astronomy. Calibrating asteroid impact. Science 2013;342:1051–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Ye C, Tsukruk VV. Materials assembly. Designing two-dimensional materials that spring rapidly into three-dimensional shapes. Science 2015;347:130–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

DeLoache JS, Uttal DH, Rosengren KS. Scale errors offer evidence for a perception-action dissociation early in life. Science 2004;304:1027–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Foerster K, Coulson T, Sheldon BC, Pemberton JM, Clutton-Brock TH, Kruuk LEB. Sexually antagonistic genetic variation for fitness in red deer. Nature 2007;447:1107–10.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Larsen E, Aarts RM. Audio Bandwidth Extension. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Brevini TAL, editor. Stem Cells in Animal Species: From Pre-clinic to Biodiversity. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

McGee S, Baudendistel D. Chiari Malformation and Syringomyelia. In: Cartwright CC, Wallace DC, editors. Nursing Care of the Pediatric Neurosurgery Patient, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013, p. 141–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. What Came First, The Chicken Or The Egg? IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/what-came-first-chicken-or-egg/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Education Reform: School-Based Management Results in Changes in Instruction and Budgeting. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Butler-Roberts J. Fashioning distinction: construction of identity through dress and photography in nineteenth-century Paris. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hubbard B, Schmitt E. Saudi Official Who Fell From View Is Promoted. New York Times 2017:A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems
ISSN (print)	0142-0615
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology Electrical and Electronic Engineering