How to format your references using the International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Benford G. Taking control. Nature 2000;406:462.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Greenwood B, Owusu-Agyei S. Epidemiology. Malaria in the post-genome era. Science 2012;338:49–50.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Pfennig DW, Harcombe WR, Pfennig KS. Frequency-dependent Batesian mimicry. Nature 2001;410:323.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Cokus SJ, Feng S, Zhang X, Chen Z, Merriman B, Haudenschild CD, et al. Shotgun bisulphite sequencing of the Arabidopsis genome reveals DNA methylation patterning. Nature 2008;452:215–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Pasher E, Ronen T. The Complete Guide to Knowledge Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Lecomte A, Tronçon S, editors. Ludics, Dialogue and Interaction: PRELUDE Project - 2006-2009. Revised Selected Papers. vol. 6505. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Trigo RM. The Impacts of the NAO on Hydrological Resources of the Western Mediterranean. In: Vicente-Serrano SM, Trigo RM, editors. Hydrological, Socioeconomic and Ecological Impacts of the North Atlantic Oscillation in the Mediterranean Region, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011, p. 41–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Bird Tree Of Life Shows ‘Explosive Evolution’: Studies. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/bird-tree-life-shows-explosive-evolution-studies/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Highway Infrastructure: FHWA’s Model for Estimating Highway Needs Is Generally Reasonable, Despite Limitations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2000.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Blumenthal PM. Local Land Use Regulatory Regimes and Residential Development Outcomes: An Analysis of Subdivision Review in Four Counties in the DC Region. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Rich N. Jungleland. New York Times 2012:MM32.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems
ISSN (print)	0142-0615
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology Electrical and Electronic Engineering