How to format your references using the International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Collins FS (2010) Research agenda. Opportunities for research and NIH. Science 327:36–37

A journal article with 2 authors

Du H, Rosbash M (2002) The U1 snRNP protein U1C recognizes the 5’ splice site in the absence of base pairing. Nature 419:86–90

A journal article with 3 authors

Hernández JV, Kay ER, Leigh DA (2004) A reversible synthetic rotary molecular motor. Science 306:1532–1537

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Xie W-Z, Yan C, Ying X-Y, et al (2014) Domain-specific hedonic deficits towards social affective but not monetary incentives in social anhedonia. Sci Rep 4:4056

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bates J, Gallon C, Bocci M, et al (2006) Converged Multimedia Networks. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Pinedo HM, Smorenburg CH (eds) (2006) Drugs Affecting Growth of Tumours. Birkhäuser, Basel

A chapter in an edited book

Greaves M, Ford AM (2015) Chromosome Translocations, Cancer Initiation and Clonal Evolution. In: Rowley JD, Le Beau MM, Rabbitts TH (eds) Chromosomal Translocations and Genome Rearrangements in Cancer. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 53–72

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education.

Blog post

Andrew E (2016) Supplements Including Fish Oil And Vitamin D Can Boost Effects Of Antidepressant Medication. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987) Aviation Security: FAA Preboard Passenger Screening Test Results. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ward VJ (2015) A study of the perceptions of first-year teachers as prepared classroom teachers. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2010) A Loss, and a Farewell, for the Red Bulls. New York Times B14

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Collins 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Du and Rosbash 2002; Collins 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Du and Rosbash 2002)
Three or more authors: (Xie et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education
Abbreviation	Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ.
ISSN (online)	2365-9440
Scope