How to format your references using the International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lubensky TC (2000) LIQUID CRYSTALS: New Banana Phases. Science 288:2146–2147

A journal article with 2 authors

Norenzayan A, Shariff AF (2008) The origin and evolution of religious prosociality. Science 322:58–62

A journal article with 3 authors

Bánsági T Jr, Vanag VK, Epstein IR (2011) Tomography of reaction-diffusion microemulsions reveals three-dimensional Turing patterns. Science 331:1309–1312

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Fehér O, Wang H, Saar S, et al (2009) De novo establishment of wild-type song culture in the zebra finch. Nature 459:564–568

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Horváth T (2006) Understanding Lightning and Lightning Protection. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, England

An edited book

Carl S (2007) Nonsmooth Variational Problems and Their Inequalities: Comparison Principles and Applications. Springer US, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Ussery DW, Wassenaar TM, Borini S (2009) An Overview of Genome Databases. In: Ussery DW, Wassenaar TM, Borini S (eds) Computing for Comparative Microbial Genomics: Bioinformatics for Microbiologists. Springer, London, pp 53–67

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education.

Blog post

Luntz S (2016) Uranus May Have Two More Undiscovered Moons. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/uranus-may-have-two-more-undiscovered-moons/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2000) Benefit and Loan Programs: Improved Data Sharing Could Enhance Program Integrity. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wahl SE (2008) Registered nurse preceptorship orientation: A study of the relationship between burnout rates of new graduates and number of preceptors worked with in the clinical orientation phase. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chira S (2015) One Brew Does Not Fit All. New York Times D7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lubensky 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Lubensky 2000; Norenzayan and Shariff 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Norenzayan and Shariff 2008)
Three or more authors: (Fehér et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education
Abbreviation	Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ.
ISSN (online)	2365-9440
Scope