How to format your references using the International Journal of Educational Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Educational Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hopkins, P. F. (2014). Astrophysics: stars fight back. Nature, 516(7529), 44–45.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gottlieb, J., & Mazzoni, P. (2004). Neuroscience. Action, illusion, and perception. Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5656), 317–318.

A journal article with 3 authors

Li, Z., Marsiglio, F., & Carbotte, J. P. (2013). Vanishing of interband light absorption in a persistent spin helix state. Scientific Reports, 3, 2828.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Mezzacapo, A., Las Heras, U., Pedernales, J. S., DiCarlo, L., Solano, E., & Lamata, L. (2014). Digital quantum Rabi and Dicke models in superconducting circuits. Scientific Reports, 4, 7482.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bradford, R. (2015). Is Shakespeare Any Good? John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Calcagnini, G., & Saltari, E. (Eds.). (2009). The Economics of Imperfect Markets: The Effects of Market Imperfections on Economic Decision-Making. Physica-Verlag HD.

A chapter in an edited book

Humphries, B., & Abel, T. (2014). Modelling the Dispersion of Pollutants: Two Case Studies. In E. Taylor & A. McMillan (Eds.), Air Quality Management: Canadian Perspectives on a Global Issue (pp. 99–127). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Educational Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, March 25). The 2015 Flu Vaccine – What’s New, Who Should Get It And Why. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/2015-flu-vaccine-what-s-new-who-should-get-it-and-why/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2011). Department of Labor: Further Management Improvements Needed to Address Information Technology and Financial Controls (GAO-11-157). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Obeng-Dompreh, S. (2008). The impact of servicemembers’ learning styles and computer anxiety levels on computer -mediated learning [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodgman, J. (2017, October 6). Bonus Advice From Judge John Hodgman. New York Times, MM18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hopkins, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Gottlieb & Mazzoni, 2004; Hopkins, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gottlieb & Mazzoni, 2004)
Three authors: (Li et al., 2013)
6 or more authors: (Mezzacapo et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Educational Research
Abbreviation	Int. J. Educ. Res.
ISSN (print)	0883-0355
Scope	Education