How to format your references using the International Journal of Early Years Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Early Years Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Polaszek, Andrew. 2005. “A Universal Register for Animal Names.” Nature 437 (7058): 477.

A journal article with 2 authors

Droser, Mary L., and James G. Gehling. 2012. “Paleontology. Old and Groovy.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 336 (6089): 1646–1647.

A journal article with 3 authors

Blaser, E., Z. W. Pylyshyn, and A. O. Holcombe. 2000. “Tracking an Object through Feature Space.” Nature 408 (6809): 196–199.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Palmer, M. A., E. S. Bernhardt, W. H. Schlesinger, K. N. Eshleman, E. Foufoula-Georgiou, M. S. Hendryx, A. D. Lemly, et al. 2010. “Science and Regulation. Mountaintop Mining Consequences.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 327 (5962): 148–149.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shover, Larry. 2010. Trading Options in Turbulent Markets. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Maltoni, Davide. 2009. Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition. Edited by Dario Maio, Anil K. Jain, and Salil Prabhakar. London: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Tytler, Russell. 2009. “Longitudinal Studies into Science Learning: Methodological Issues.” In Quality Research in Literacy and Science Education: International Perspectives and Gold Standards, edited by Mack C. Shelley, Larry D. Yore, and Brian Hand, 83–105. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Early Years Education.

Blog post

Hamilton, Kristy. 2016. “We Know Why Bacteria Become Resistant To Antibiotics, But How Does This Actually Happen?” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/we-know-why-bacteria-become-resistance-toantibiotics-but-how-does-this-actually-happen/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1998. Federal Communications Commission: MDS and ITFS Two-Way Transmissions. OGC-99-23. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ehsani, Salar. 2014. “Design of a Teleoperation – Based Robotic Surgical System.” Doctoral dissertation, Edwardsville, IL: Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy, Mary J. O. 2015. “Watching Youth Fly by, in Fiction and Fact.” New York Times, February 8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Polaszek 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Polaszek 2005; Droser and Gehling 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Droser and Gehling 2012)
Three authors: (Blaser, Pylyshyn, and Holcombe 2000)
4 or more authors: (Palmer et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Early Years Education
Abbreviation	Int. J. Early Years Educ.
ISSN (print)	0966-9760
ISSN (online)	1469-8463
Scope	Developmental and Educational Psychology Education