How to format your references using the International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Hanson B. Mercury, up-close again. Introduction. Science 2008;321:58.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Brochier C, Philippe H. Phylogeny: a non-hyperthermophilic ancestor for bacteria. Nature 2002;417:244.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Sparks RSJ, Biggs J, Neuberg JW. Geophysics. Monitoring volcanoes. Science 2012;335:1310–1.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Peters C, Bayer MJ, Bühler S, Andersen JS, Mann M, Mayer A. Trans-complex formation by proteolipid channels in the terminal phase of membrane fusion. Nature 2001;409:581–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Norton L. How to Be a Global Nonprofit. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Lambers H. Plant Physiological Ecology. Second Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

de Figueiredo DG, Gupta CP. On the Variational Method for the Existence of Solutions of Nonlinear Equations of Hammerstein Type. In: Costa DG, editor. Djairo G. de Figueiredo - Selected Papers, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2013, p. 35–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Gorgeous Time Lapse of Slow Marine Animal Movement. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/gorgeous-time-lapse-slow-marine-animal-movement/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Allowances for Independent Research and Development Costs in Negotiated Contracts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1970.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Fichera M. Transport of seawater and its influence on the transverse tensile strength of unidirectional composite materials. Doctoral dissertation. Florida Atlantic University, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Otis J. Leslie H. Martinson, 101, Prolific TV Director, Dies. New York Times 2016:B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus
Abbreviation	Int. J. Diabetes Mellit.
ISSN (print)	1877-5934
Scope	Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine