How to format your references using the International Journal of Design citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Design. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Booth, B. B. (2015). Climate change. Why the Pacific is cool. Science (New York, N.Y.), 347(6225), 952.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sigloch, K., & Mihalynuk, M. G. (2013). Intra-oceanic subduction shaped the assembly of Cordilleran North America. Nature, 496(7443), 50–56.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang, Z., Watanabe, S., & Kato, T. (2013). The irradiation effect of a simultaneous laser and electron dual-beam on void formation. Scientific Reports, 3, 1201.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Angers, R. C., Kang, H.-E., Napier, D., Browning, S., Seward, T., Mathiason, C., Balachandran, A., McKenzie, D., Castilla, J., Soto, C., Jewell, J., Graham, C., Hoover, E. A., & Telling, G. C. (2010). Prion strain mutation determined by prion protein conformational compatibility and primary structure. Science (New York, N.Y.), 328(5982), 1154–1158.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ancheyta, J. (2011). Modeling and Simulation of Catalytic Reactors for Petroleum Refining. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Shukla, A., Ravichandran, G., & Rajapakse, Y. D. S. (Eds.). (2010). Dynamic Failure of Materials and Structures. Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Davenport, M. (2010). Shock. In C. K. Sinha & M. Davenport (Eds.), Handbook of Pediatric Surgery (pp. 25–28). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Design.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, July 17). Five Bizarre Fossil Discoveries That Got Scientists Excited. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/five-bizarre-fossil-discoveries-got-scientists-excited/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1997). Space Station: Cost Control Problems (T-NSIAD-98-54). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kay, K. (2013). A support group for older adult males struggling with depression: A grant proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kanter, J., & Castle, S. (2016, December 6). E.U. Leaders Talk Tough on ‘Brexit.’ New York Times, A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Booth, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Booth, 2015; Sigloch & Mihalynuk, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sigloch & Mihalynuk, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Angers et al., 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Design
ISSN (print)	1991-3761
ISSN (online)	1994-036X
Scope