How to format your references using the International Journal of Ambient Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Ambient Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nolet, Guust. 2007. “Obituary: F. Anthony Dahlen (1942-2007).” Nature 448 (7151): 268.

A journal article with 2 authors

Köhler, Heinz-R, and Rita Triebskorn. 2013. “Wildlife Ecotoxicology of Pesticides: Can We Track Effects to the Population Level and Beyond?” Science (New York, N.Y.) 341 (6147): 759–765.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cicerone, Ralph J., Mario J. Molina, and Donald R. Blake. 2012. “Retrospective. F. Sherwood Rowland (1927-2012).” Science (New York, N.Y.) 336 (6078): 170.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Dian, Brian C., Gordon G. Brown, Kevin O. Douglass, and Brooks H. Pate. 2008. “Measuring Picosecond Isomerization Kinetics via Broadband Microwave Spectroscopy.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 320 (5878): 924–928.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hofmeyr, G. Justus, James P. Neilson, Zarko Alfirevic, Caroline A. Crowther, A. Metin Gülmezoglu, Ellen D. Hodnett, Gillian M. L. Gyte, and Lelia Duley. 2008. A Cochrane Pocketbook: Pregnancy and Childbirth. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Sodhi, Manmohan S. 2012. Managing Supply Chain Risk. Edited by Christopher S. Tang. Vol. 172. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Schmitz-Valckenberg, Steffen, Monika Fleckenstein, Richard Spaide, and Frank G. Holz. 2010. “Autofluorescence Imaging.” In Medical Retina: Focus on Retinal Imaging, edited by Frank G. Holz and Richard Spaide, 41–50. Essentials in Ophthalmology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Ambient Energy.

Blog post

Fang, Janet. 2014. “Ancient Neanderthal Skulls Reveal Insights Into Human Evolution.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-neanderthal-skulls-reveal-insights-human-evolution/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2002. Information Technology Services: Agencies Complying with Revision to Federal Acquisition Regulation. GAO-03-32. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chatterjee, Kaushik. 2012. “A Probabilistic Mechanistic Approach for Assessing the Rupture Frequency of Small Modular Reactor Steam Generator Tubes Using Uncertain Inputs from In-Service Inspections.” Doctoral dissertation, College Park, MD: University of Maryland, College Park.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams, John. 2017. “Working Toward a Sunny Version of ‘Jurassic Park.’” New York Times, January 30.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nolet 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Nolet 2007; Köhler and Triebskorn 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Köhler and Triebskorn 2013)
Three authors: (Cicerone, Molina, and Blake 2012)
4 or more authors: (Dian et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Ambient Energy
Abbreviation	Int. J. Ambient Energy
ISSN (print)	0143-0750
ISSN (online)	2162-8246
Scope	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Building and Construction