How to format your references using the International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hoag H. Coming back to life Montreal. Nature 2004; 430(6996):274–275.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wu J-Q, Pollard TD. Counting cytokinesis proteins globally and locally in fission yeast. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2005; 310(5746):310–314.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hellberg ME, Balch DP, Roy K. Climate-driven range expansion and morphological evolution in a marine gastropod. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2001; 292(5522):1707–1710.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Oury F, Murakami Y, Renaud J-S, et al. Hoxa2- and rhombomere-dependent development of the mouse facial somatosensory map. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2006; 313(5792):1408–1413.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rémy J-G, Letamendia C. Home Area Networks and IPTV. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Luo Y ed. Cooperative Design, Visualization, and Engineering: 8th International Conference, CDVE 2011, Hong Kong, China, September 11-14, 2011. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Cristea IA, Stefan S, David O, Mogoase C, Dobrean A. Rational Stories for Children. A Rational Emotive Education Protocol for Approaching Anxiety in Children and Adolescents Based on the Stories Book The Retmagic and Wonderful Adventures of Retman. In: Stefan S, David O, Mogoase C, Dobrean A, eds. REBT in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adults. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016:69–79.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E. High Fat And Sugar Diets Stop Us From Feeling Full. IFLScience May 4, 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/high-fat-and-sugar-diets-stop-us-feeling-full/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Research: Progress Has Been Made but Several Factors Will Affect Program Success. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McCahill TP. Teacher perceptions of response to intervention for English learners. 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B. Saudi-Led Coalition Admits Error in Funeral Bombing in Yemen. New York Times. October 15, 2016:A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering
Abbreviation	Int. j. numer. method. biomed. eng.
ISSN (print)	2040-7939
ISSN (online)	2040-7947
Scope	Molecular Biology Computational Theory and Mathematics Software Biomedical Engineering Applied Mathematics Modelling and Simulation