How to format your references using the International Affairs Forum citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Affairs Forum. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Humphries, C. (2013). Adoptive cell therapy: Honing that killer instinct. Nature, 504(7480), S13-5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Aaronson, D. S., & Horvath, C. M. (2002). A road map for those who don’t know JAK-STAT. Science (New York, N.Y.), 296(5573), 1653–1655.

A journal article with 3 authors

Foley, S. F., Buhre, S., & Jacob, D. E. (2003). Evolution of the Archaean crust by delamination and shallow subduction. Nature, 421(6920), 249–252.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Li, B., Ibrahim, M., Ge, M., Cui, Z., Sun, G., Xu, F., & Kube, M. (2014). Transcriptome analysis of Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae cultivated in vivo and co-culture with Burkholderia seminalis. Scientific Reports, 4, 5698.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grigorenko, Y. N., Chilingar, G. V., Sobolev, V. S., Andiyeva, T. A., & Zhukova, L. I. (2012). Petroleum Accumulation Zones on Continental Margins. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Tetzlaff, R. (Ed.). (2014). Memristors and Memristive Systems. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Faceli, K., de Carvalho, A. C. P. L. F., & de Souto, M. C. P. (2007). Multi-Objective Clustering Ensemble with Prior Knowledge. In M.-F. Sagot & M. E. M. T. Walter (Eds.), Advances in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology: Second Brazilian Symposium on Bioinformatics, BSB 2007, Angra dos Reis, Brazil, August 29-31, 2007. Proceedings (pp. 34–45). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Affairs Forum.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, July 15). Boron ‘Buckyball’ Could Be Used For Hydrogen Storage. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/boron-‘buckyball’-could-be-used-hydrogen-storage/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2008). Transportation Security: Transportation Security Administration Has Strengthened Planning to Guide Investments in Key Aviation and Surface Transportation Security Programs, but More Work Remains (GAO-08-487T). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Waterman, M. A. (2015). Housing for the homeless mentally ill population: A grant writing project [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Slotnik, D. E. (2017, August 4). Bobby Taylor, Who Encouraged Jackson 5. New York Times, B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Humphries, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Aaronson & Horvath, 2002; Humphries, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Aaronson & Horvath, 2002)
Three authors: (Foley et al., 2003)
6 or more authors: (Li et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Affairs Forum
Abbreviation	Int. Aff. For.
ISSN (print)	2325-8020
ISSN (online)	2325-8047
Scope