How to format your references using the Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Budd G (2001) Climbing life’s tree. Nature 412:487

A journal article with 2 authors

Cresswell JE, Thompson HM (2012) Comment on “A common pesticide decreases foraging success and survival in honey bees.” Science 337:1453; author reply 1453

A journal article with 3 authors

Imai T, Suzuki M, Sakano H (2006) Odorant receptor-derived cAMP signals direct axonal targeting. Science 314:657–661

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Freeman R, Han M, Álvarez Z, et al (2018) Reversible self-assembly of superstructured networks. Science 362:808–813

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pietersen W (2010) Strategic Learning. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Zereini F, Hötzl H (2008) Climatic Changes and Water Resources in the Middle East and North Africa. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Braff MH, Gallo RL (2006) Antimicrobial Peptides: An Essential Component of the Skin Defensive Barrier. In: Shafer WM (ed) Antimicrobial Peptides and Human Disease. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 91–110

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) This Guy Made A DIY Liquid Nitrogen-Firing Ice Blaster. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/this-guy-made-a-diy-liquid-nitrogenfiring-ice-blaster/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1991) Airport Safety: New Radar That Will Help Prevent Accidents Is 4 Years Behind Schedule. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ladd RJ (2014) A Study of Alternative Education Programs in the State of Missouri. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW (2016) No 401(k)? California Will Step In for Workers. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation
Abbreviation	Integr. Mater. Manuf. Innov.
ISSN (print)	2193-9764
ISSN (online)	2193-9772
Scope