How to format your references using the Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bromm V (2014) Astronomy. Imprint of an ancient conflagration. Science 345:868–869

A journal article with 2 authors

Sander PM, Klein N (2005) Developmental plasticity in the life history of a prosauropod dinosaur. Science 310:1800–1802

A journal article with 3 authors

Bush MB, Silman MR, Urrego DH (2004) 48,000 years of climate and forest change in a biodiversity hot spot. Science 303:827–829

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Ostermann A, Waschipky R, Parak FG, Nienhaus GU (2000) Ligand binding and conformational motions in myoglobin. Nature 404:205–208

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lhabitant F-S (2004) Hedge Funds. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Paulsen KD (2005) Alternative Breast Imaging: Four Model-Based Approaches. Springer US, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Bansal S, Goel R, Mohan C (2014) Use of Ant Colony System in Solving Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Window Constraints. In: Babu BV, Nagar A, Deep K, et al (eds) Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving (SocProS 2012), December 28-30, 2012. Springer India, New Delhi, pp 39–50

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Whole-Body Imaging Reveals AIDS Virus’ Hiding Spots. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/whole-body-imaging-reveals-aids-virus-hiding-spots/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) Federal Research: Small Business Innovation Research Program Shows Success But Can Be Strengthened. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Roy R (2013) “Jagoron: Awakening” to Gender in Non Governmental Organizations in Contemporary Bengal. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wines M (2017) Win for Voting Rights Advocates, but Battles Are Ahead. New York Times A18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation
Abbreviation	Integr. Mater. Manuf. Innov.
ISSN (print)	2193-9764
ISSN (online)	2193-9772
Scope