How to format your references using the Insurance Mathematics and Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Insurance Mathematics and Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bunz, U.H.F., 2005. Chemistry. How are alkynes scrambled? Science 308, 216–217.

A journal article with 2 authors

Takagi, H., Hwang, H.Y., 2010. An emergent change of phase for electronics. Science 327, 1601–1602.

A journal article with 3 authors

de Mel, S., McKenzie, D., Woodruff, C., 2012. One-time transfers of cash or capital have long-lasting effects on microenterprises in Sri Lanka. Science 335, 962–966.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Desmurget, M., Reilly, K.T., Richard, N., Szathmari, A., Mottolese, C., Sirigu, A., 2009. Movement intention after parietal cortex stimulation in humans. Science 324, 811–813.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gage, L.J., 2008. Hand-Rearing Wild and Domestic Mammals. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Lu, W., Cai, G., Liu, W., Xing, W. (Eds.), 2013. Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Information Technology and Software Engineering: Software Engineering & Digital Media Technology, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Meduna, A., Zemek, P., 2014. Chapter 5 Rule-Based Grammatical Regulation, in: Zemek, P. (Ed.), Regulated Grammars and Automata. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 155–187.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Insurance Mathematics and Economics.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. Watch Hundreds Of Gnat Larvae Slither Together Like A Snake [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/watch-hundreds-gnat-larvae-slither-together-snake/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1996. School Finance: Options for Improving Measures of Effort and Equity in Title I (No. HEHS-96-142). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

He, H., 2006. Numerical Simulations of Unsteady Flows in a Pulse Detonation Engine by the Space-Time Conservation Element and Solution Element Method (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K., 2008. Learning To Make Cheese By Hand. New York Times NJ9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bunz, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Bunz, 2005; Takagi and Hwang, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Takagi and Hwang, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Desmurget et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Insurance Mathematics and Economics
Abbreviation	Insur. Math. Econ.
ISSN (print)	0167-6687
Scope	Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Economics and Econometrics Statistics and Probability