How to format your references using the Innovative Higher Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Innovative Higher Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goodman, S. (2003). Europe attempts to promote women scientists. Nature, 426(6963), 210–211.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sime, L. C., & Wolff, E. W. (2011). Antarctic accumulation seasonality. Nature, 479(7372), E1-2; author reply E2-4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Deán-Ben, X. L., Bay, E., & Razansky, D. (2014). Functional optoacoustic imaging of moving objects using microsecond-delay acquisition of multispectral three-dimensional tomographic data. Scientific reports, 4, 5878.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Zhu, P., Chen, Y.-J., Hao, J.-H., Ge, J.-F., Huang, K., Tao, R.-X., et al. (2013). Maternal depressive symptoms related to Epstein-Barr virus reactivation in late pregnancy. Scientific reports, 3, 3096.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Murdoch, I., Turpin, S., Johnston, B., MacLullich, A., & Losman, E. (2014). Geriatric Emergencies. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Sporleder, C., Bosch, A. van D., & Zervanou, K. (Eds.). (2011). Language Technology for Cultural Heritage: Selected Papers from the LaTeCH Workshop Series. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hüschelrath, K., & Schweitzer, H. (2014). The Role of Fines in the Public Enforcement of Competition Law. In K. Hüschelrath & H. Schweitzer (Eds.), Public and Private Enforcement of Competition Law in Europe: Legal and Economic Perspectives (pp. 53–61). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Innovative Higher Education.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, August 3). Digging Deep Into The Past To See The Future Of Climate Change. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/digging-deep-past-see-future-climate-change/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1999). Year 2000 Computing Challenge: The District of Columbia Cannot Reliably Track Y2K Costs (No. T-AIMD-99-298). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reece, J. K. (2017). Reservoir Facies Analysis of Middle Miocene Turbidites in Marlin, Dorado, and Nile Fields; Viosca Knoll, Deepwater Gulf of Mexico (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg, B. (2017, January 26). Federer Beats Wawrinka, and His Own Aging Body, to Reach Final. New York Times, p. B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Goodman 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Goodman 2003; Sime and Wolff 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sime and Wolff 2011)
Three or more authors: (Zhu et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Innovative Higher Education
Abbreviation	Innov. High. Educ.
ISSN (print)	0742-5627
ISSN (online)	1573-1758
Scope	Education