How to format your references using the Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wolfe, Jeremy M. 2005. “Neuroscience. Watching Single Cells Pay Attention.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 308 (5721): 503–504.

A journal article with 2 authors

Boes, Marianne, and Hidde L. Ploegh. 2004. “Translating Cell Biology in Vitro to Immunity in Vivo.” Nature 430 (6996): 264–271.

A journal article with 3 authors

Carslaw, K. S., R. G. Harrison, and J. Kirkby. 2002. “Cosmic Rays, Clouds, and Climate.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 298 (5599): 1732–1737.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Cheng, Meng, Wenhua Xie, Baoning Zong, Bo Sun, and Minghua Qiao. 2013. “When Magnetic Catalyst Meets Magnetic Reactor: Etherification of FCC Light Gasoline as an Example.” Scientific Reports 3: 1973.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lyatkher, Victor M., and Alexander M. Proudovsky. 2016. Hydraulic Modeling. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Kirchner, Barbara, ed. 2010. Ionic Liquids. Vol. 290. Topics in Current Chemistry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Taura, Toshiharu, and Yukari Nagai. 2013. “Methods and Essence of Concept Generation.” In Concept Generation for Design Creativity: A Systematized Theory and Methodology, edited by Yukari Nagai, 41–61. London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “Latest Study Breathes New Life in Case About America’s Most Controversial Archaeological Discovery.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/latest-study-breathes-new-life-case-about-america-s-most-controversial-archaeological/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1990. Impact Aid: Most School Construction Requests Are Unfunded and Outdated. HRD-90-90. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bigler, William H. 2010. “Increased Substance Abuse Treatment for Adolescents.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dynarski, Susan. 2015. “Why Small Student Debt Can Mean Big Problems.” New York Times, August 31.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wolfe 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Wolfe 2005; Boes and Ploegh 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Boes and Ploegh 2004)
Three authors: (Carslaw, Harrison, and Kirkby 2002)
4 or more authors: (Cheng et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching
Abbreviation	Innov. Lang. Learn. Teach.
ISSN (print)	1750-1229
ISSN (online)	1750-1237
Scope	Language and Linguistics Education Linguistics and Language