How to format your references using the Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rakic, Pasko. 2004. “Neuroscience. Genetic Control of Cortical Convolutions.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 303 (5666): 1983–1984.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pellerin, Luc, and Pierre J. Magistretti. 2004. “Neuroscience. Let There Be (NADH) Light.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 305 (5680): 50–52.

A journal article with 3 authors

Deslauriers, Louis, Ellen Schelew, and Carl Wieman. 2011. “Improved Learning in a Large-Enrollment Physics Class.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 332 (6031): 862–864.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Chakrabarty, Rajan K., Nicholas D. Beres, Hans Moosmüller, Swarup China, Claudio Mazzoleni, Manvendra K. Dubey, Li Liu, and Michael I. Mishchenko. 2014. “Soot Superaggregates from Flaming Wildfires and Their Direct Radiative Forcing.” Scientific Reports 4 (July): 5508.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bakus, Gerald J. 2007. Quantitative Analysis of Marine Biological Communities. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Gardini, Gian Luca, and Maria Hermínia Tavares de Almeida, eds. 2016. Foreign Policy Responses to the Rise of Brazil: Balancing Power in Emerging States. Palgrave Studies in International Relations Series. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.

A chapter in an edited book

Horvath, Joan, and Rich Cameron. 2015. “Robots, Drones, and Other Things That Move.” In The New Shop Class: Getting Started with 3D Printing, Arduino, and Wearable Tech, edited by Rich Cameron, 47–55. Berkeley, CA: Apress.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching.

Blog post

Taub, Ben. 2016. “Scientists Are Using ‘Frankenturtles’ To Protect Marine Wildlife In Chesapeake Bay.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/scientists-using-frankenturtles-protect-marine-wildlife-chesapeake-bay/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1979. Review of HEW Guidelines for Acquiring Automatic Data Processing Systems Under the Social Security Act. HRD-79-126. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reynolds, Patricia E. 2012. “Learning the Ropes: A Grounded Theory Study of Children Crossing Cultures.” Doctoral dissertation, Scottsdale, AZ: Northcentral University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, Ben. 2016. “A Raging Diva, Centuries Before Soap Operas.” New York Times, October 7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rakic 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Rakic 2004; Pellerin and Magistretti 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pellerin and Magistretti 2004)
Three authors: (Deslauriers, Schelew, and Wieman 2011)
4 or more authors: (Chakrabarty et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching
Abbreviation	Innov. Lang. Learn. Teach.
ISSN (print)	1750-1229
ISSN (online)	1750-1237
Scope	Language and Linguistics Education Linguistics and Language