How to format your references using the Injury Extra citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Injury Extra. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Cooper TA. Molecular biology. Neutralizing toxic RNA. Science 2009;325:272–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Ward WR, Canup RM. Origin of the Moon’s orbital inclination from resonant disk interactions. Nature 2000;403:741–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Hanada K-I, Yewdell JW, Yang JC. Immune recognition of a human renal cancer antigen through post-translational protein splicing. Nature 2004;427:252–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Gottesman MM, Shmookler SR, Oppenheimer SB, Dolce JW. Math and science education: training the teachers. Science 2000;290:273b.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Eicker U. Solar Technologies for Buildings. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Klaas M, Koch E, Schröder W, editors. Fundamental Medical and Engineering Investigations on Protective Artificial Respiration: A Collection of Papers from the DFG Funded Research Program PAR. vol. 116. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Nagai Y. Creativity in Individual Design Work. In: Cash P, Stanković T, Štorga M, editors. Experimental Design Research: Approaches, Perspectives, Applications, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 67–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Injury Extra.

Blog post

[1]

Evans K. 15 “Facts” About Sleep That Are Completely Wrong. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/fifteen-facts-about-sleep-that-are-completely-wrong/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. General Aviation Security: Increased Federal Oversight Is Needed, but Continued Partnership with the Private Sector Is Critical to Long-Term Success. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Wuebbels PJ. Effectiveness of Reading and Writing Across the Curriculum on Middle School Reading Comprehension and Preparation for Common Core State Standards. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Wagner J. Lugo’s Tear to Cost Him Two Weeks, Minimum. New York Times 2017:B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Injury Extra
ISSN (print)	1572-3461
Scope	Emergency Medicine Orthopedics and Sports Medicine