How to format your references using the Injury Extra citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Injury Extra. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Kleiner K. The shipping forecast. Nature 2007;449:272–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Rivkin RB, Legendre L. Biogenic carbon cycling in the upper ocean: effects of microbial respiration. Science 2001;291:2398–400.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Serabyn E, Mawet D, Burruss R. An image of an exoplanet separated by two diffraction beamwidths from a star. Nature 2010;464:1018–20.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Gessler D, Dye C, Farmer P, Murray M, Navin T, Reves R, et al. Public health. A National Tuberculosis Archive. Science 2006;311:1245–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Candy JV. Model-Based Signal Processing. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Odaka K, editor. The Myanmar Economy: Its Past, Present and Prospects. 1st ed. 2016. Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

King D, Fitridge R, Walsh J, Coventry BJ. Venous Surgery. In: Coventry BJ, editor. Cardio-Thoracic, Vascular, Renal and Transplant Surgery, London: Springer; 2014, p. 59–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Injury Extra.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew D. Here’s What To Eat To Recover From An Injury. IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/heres-what-to-eat-to-recover-from-an-injury/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Federal Information Systems Remain Highly Vulnerable to Fraudulent, Wasteful, Abusive, and Illegal Practices. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1982.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Mc Adams AN. School psychologists’ perceptions of procedural fidelity in special education. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Stewart JB. Questions of Judgment Engulf Barclays’ Chief. New York Times 2017:B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Injury Extra
ISSN (print)	1572-3461
Scope	Emergency Medicine Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

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