How to format your references using the Information Fusion citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Information Fusion. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

K. Bakker, Water management. Water security: research challenges and opportunities, Science 337 (2012) 914–915.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

S. Bel, L.V. Hooper, Immunology: A bacterial nudge to T-cell function, Nature 526 (2015) 328–330.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S. Trillo, J.S.T. Gongora, A. Fratalocchi, Wave instabilities in the presence of non vanishing background in nonlinear Schrödinger systems, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 7285.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

L. Pancotto, G. De Angelis, E. Bizzarri, M.A. Barocchi, G. Del Giudice, M. Moschioni, P. Ruggiero, Expression of the Streptococcus pneumoniae pilus-1 undergoes on and off switching during colonization in mice, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 2040.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R. Cooke, Classical Algebra: Its Nature, Origins, and Uses, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2007.

An edited book

[1]

F. de Castro, B. Hogenboom, M. Baud, eds., Environmental Governance in Latin America, Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

M. Sellami, M. Talbi, Quality Management in Information Systems for Combating Desertification and Dry Lands Management, in: A. Marini, M. Talbi (Eds.), Desertification and Risk Analysis Using High and Medium Resolution Satellite Data: Training Workshop on Mapping Desertification, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2009: pp. 47–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Information Fusion.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, Endangered Mountain Pygmy Possums Born, IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Financial Management: NASA’s Financial Reports Are Based on Unreliable Data, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Y. Zhang, A Grant Proposal for Mindfulness-Based Self-Care Training for Child Welfare Workers, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Shpigel, Patriots Feast on Petty, as on So Many Others, New York Times (2016) SP3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Information Fusion
Abbreviation	Inf. Fusion
ISSN (print)	1566-2535
Scope	Hardware and Architecture Information Systems Signal Processing Software