How to format your references using the Information Economics and Policy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Information Economics and Policy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Carlson, R.W., 2015. Planetary science: A new recipe for Earth formation. Nature 520, 299–300.

A journal article with 2 authors

Reverter, D., Lima, C.D., 2005. Insights into E3 ligase activity revealed by a SUMO-RanGAP1-Ubc9-Nup358 complex. Nature 435, 687–692.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sullivan, M.B., Waterbury, J.B., Chisholm, S.W., 2003. Cyanophages infecting the oceanic cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus. Nature 424, 1047–1051.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Dong, C., Yang, D.D., Tournier, C., Whitmarsh, A.J., Xu, J., Davis, R.J., Flavell, R.A., 2000. JNK is required for effector T-cell function but not for T-cell activation. Nature 405, 91–94.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Holloway, M., Nwaoha, C., 2012. Dictionary of Industrial Terms. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Yang, G.-C., Ao, S.-I., Gelman, L. (Eds.), 2015. Transactions on Engineering Technologies: World Congress on Engineering 2014. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhao, A., Zhang, H., Hou, J.G., 2012. Electron Transport in Single Molecules and Nanostructures, in: Zhou, Z., Wang, Z., Lin, L. (Eds.), Microsystems and Nanotechnology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 149–183.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Information Economics and Policy.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2016. Stricter Parents Are Turning Their Children Into Effective Liars [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1977. Need for a Government-Wide Budget Classification Structure for Federal Research and Development Information, Appendix IV (No. PAD-77-14A). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Catalini, M., 2012. Intrinsic rewards increase job performance within an organization (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sophia Kishkovsky; Compiled by, 2005. Arts, Briefly; Russia to Sell a Landmark Studio. New York Times E2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Carlson, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Carlson, 2015; Reverter and Lima, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Reverter and Lima, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Dong et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Information Economics and Policy
Abbreviation	Inf. Econ. Pol.
ISSN (print)	0167-6245
Scope	Economics and Econometrics Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law