How to format your references using the Information and Organization citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Information and Organization. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Parker, T. (2011). Sustainable energy: Cutting science’s electricity bill. Nature, 480(7377), 315–316.

A journal article with 2 authors

Madin, J. S., & Connolly, S. R. (2006). Ecological consequences of major hydrodynamic disturbances on coral reefs. Nature, 444(7118), 477–480.

A journal article with 3 authors

Misura, K. M., Scheller, R. H., & Weis, W. I. (2000). Three-dimensional structure of the neuronal-Sec1-syntaxin 1a complex. Nature, 404(6776), 355–362.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Wolf, M., van Doorn, G. S., Leimar, O., & Weissing, F. J. (2007). Life-history trade-offs favour the evolution of animal personalities. Nature, 447(7144), 581–584.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Willatzen, M., & Lew Yan Voon, L. C. (2011). Separable Boundary-Value Problems in Physics. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Sackmann, R. (2015). Coping with Demographic Change: A Comparative View on Education and Local Government in Germany and Poland (W. Bartl, B. Jonda, K. Kopycka, & C. Rademacher, Eds.; Vol. 19). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Cipollone, E., Cuomo, F., & Abbagnale, A. (2010). A Distributed Procedure for IEEE 802.15.4 PAN Coordinator Election in Emergency Scenarios. In D. Giusto, A. Iera, G. Morabito, & L. Atzori (Eds.), The Internet of Things: 20th Tyrrhenian Workshop on Digital Communications (pp. 39–48). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Information and Organization.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, October 30). Watch a Vampire Squid Turn Itself Inside Out. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/watch-vampire-squid-turning-itself-inside-out/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1993). Vocational Education: Status in 2-Year Colleges in 1990-91 and Early Signs of Change (HRD-93-89). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brown, C. E. (2013). Sources for the reevaluation of George Frederick Root’s career: The autobiography & a secular cantata [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Maryland, College Park.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Quain, J. R. (2016, October 13). One Day, Cars Will Connect With Your Fridge and Your Heart. New York Times, B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Parker, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Madin & Connolly, 2006; Parker, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Madin & Connolly, 2006)
Three authors: (Misura et al., 2000)
6 or more authors: (Wolf et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Information and Organization
Abbreviation	Inf. Organ.
ISSN (print)	1471-7727
Scope	Management Information Systems Management of Technology and Innovation Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management Information Systems Library and Information Sciences

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