How to format your references using the Information and Organization citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Information and Organization. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Alonzo, S. H. (2015). Evolution. An unexpected cost of sex. Science (New York, N.Y.), 347(6225), 948–949.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kennedy, B. M., & van Soest, M. C. (2007). Flow of mantle fluids through the ductile lower crust: helium isotope trends. Science (New York, N.Y.), 318(5855), 1433–1436.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yoshino, T., Walter, M. J., & Katsura, T. (2003). Core formation in planetesimals triggered by permeable flow. Nature, 422(6928), 154–157.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Liu, C., Ma, Z., Xu, S., Hou, J., Hu, Y., Yu, Y., Liu, R., Chen, Z., & Lu, Y. (2014). Activation of the germ-cell potential of human bone marrow-derived cells by a chemical carcinogen. Scientific Reports, 4, 5564.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vitetta, G. M., Taylor, D. P., Colavolpe, G., Pancaldi, F., & Martin, P. A. (2013). Wireless Communications. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Bebis, G., Boyle, R., Parvin, B., Koracin, D., Li, B., Porikli, F., Zordan, V., Klosowski, J., Coquillart, S., Luo, X., Chen, M., & Gotz, D. (Eds.). (2013). Advances in Visual Computing: 9th International Symposium, ISVC 2013, Rethymnon, Crete, Greece, July 29-31, 2013. Proceedings, Part I (Vol. 8033). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Fukuda, Y. (2011). Monitoring Groundwater Variations Using Precise Gravimetry on Land and from Space. In M. Taniguchi (Ed.), Groundwater and Subsurface Environments: Human Impacts in Asian Coastal Cities (pp. 85–112). Springer Japan.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Information and Organization.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2016, May 5). Why Aren’t More People Vegetarian? IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2003). Telecommunications: Issues Related to Competition and Subscriber Rates in the Cable Television Industry (GAO-04-8). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Verret, J. E. (2019). Property Tax Limitations, School District Revenues, and Equity: Analyses of Pennsylvania’s Act One [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Takei, G. (2017, April 29). A Place Called Manzanar. New York Times, A23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Alonzo, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Alonzo, 2015; Kennedy & van Soest, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kennedy & van Soest, 2007)
Three authors: (Yoshino et al., 2003)
6 or more authors: (Liu et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Information and Organization
Abbreviation	Inf. Organ.
ISSN (print)	1471-7727
Scope	Management Information Systems Management of Technology and Innovation Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management Information Systems Library and Information Sciences