How to format your references using the Information and Organization citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Information and Organization. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cane, M. A. (2010). Climate: A moist model monsoon. Nature, 463(7278), 163–164.

A journal article with 2 authors

Moore, E. B., & Molinero, V. (2011). Structural transformation in supercooled water controls the crystallization rate of ice. Nature, 479(7374), 506–508.

A journal article with 3 authors

Molnar, P., Houseman, G. A., & England, P. C. (2006). Earth science: palaeo-altimetry of Tibet. Nature, 444(7117), E4; discussion E4-5.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Boratyński, Z., Lehmann, P., Mappes, T., Mousseau, T. A., & Møller, A. P. (2014). Increased radiation from Chernobyl decreases the expression of red colouration in natural populations of bank voles (Myodes glareolus). Scientific Reports, 4, 7141.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Parashar, R. K. (2008). Reaction Mechanisms in Organic Synthesis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Sebillo, M., Vitiello, G., & Schaefer, G. (Eds.). (2008). Visual Information Systems. Web-Based Visual Information Search and Management: 10th International Conference, VISUAL 2008, Salerno, Italy, September 11-12, 2008. Proceedings (Vol. 5188). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Stober, T., & Hansmann, U. (2010). Tooling. In U. Hansmann (Ed.), Agile Software Development: Best Practices for Large Software Development Projects (pp. 61–73). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Information and Organization.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, August 10). When We Understand How HIV Replicates Despite Drug Therapy, Then We Can Stop It. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/when-we-understand-how-hiv-replicates-despite-drug-therapy-then-we-can-stop-it/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2008). Comments on the Office of Personnel Management’s February 20, 2008 Report to Congress Regarding the Retirement Systems Modernization (GAO-08-576R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Emale, J. M. (2010). An examination of how conglomerates impact small-medium enterprises in their relationship [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M. (1992, September 16). THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: The Overview; Bush Subtly Avoids Direct Attack Against Clinton on the Draft Issue. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cane, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Cane, 2010; Moore & Molinero, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Moore & Molinero, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Boratyński et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Information and Organization
Abbreviation	Inf. Organ.
ISSN (print)	1471-7727
Scope	Management Information Systems Management of Technology and Innovation Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management Information Systems Library and Information Sciences