How to format your references using the Informatics in Medicine Unlocked citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Informatics in Medicine Unlocked. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Ploegh HL. Don Craig Wiley (1944-2001). Nature 2002;415:492.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Matthias S, Müller F. Asymmetric pores in a silicon membrane acting as massively parallel brownian ratchets. Nature 2003;424:53–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Pawlowski B, Dunbar RI, Lipowicz A. Tall men have more reproductive success. Nature 2000;403:156.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Sun Y, Zhang W, Xing Y, Li F, Zhao Y, Xia Z, et al. High temperature superconducting FeSe films on SrTiO3 substrates. Sci Rep 2014;4:6040.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Aquino JA. The International Family Guide to US University Admissions. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

[1]

Ramalingam G, editor. Programming Languages and Systems: 6th Asian Symposium, APLAS 2008, Bangalore, India, December 9-11, 2008. Proceedings. vol. 5356. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Deshpande AP. Oscillatory Shear Rheology for Probing Nonlinear Viscoelasticity of Complex Fluids: Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear. In: Krishnan JM, Deshpande AP, Kumar PBS, editors. Rheology of Complex Fluids, New York, NY: Springer; 2010, p. 87–110.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Informatics in Medicine Unlocked.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. First Vine From Space Uploaded By NASA Astronaut. IFLScience 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Customs Automation: Progress Made, More Expected in Revenue Reconciliation Process. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Rosenfeld EG. The ascent of women to senior leadership positions in the financial services industry: A phenomenological study. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Silver-Greenberg J, Protess B. Gun Control Groups Find a Wealthy Ally in Big Law. New York Times 2016:BU1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Informatics in Medicine Unlocked
Abbreviation	Inform. Med. Unlocked
ISSN (print)	2352-9148
Scope

Research and Writing Guides