How to format your references using the Informal Logic citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Informal Logic. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Macilwain, C. 2000. US energy agency pulls plug on role in genome project. Nature. 404(6773):4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhu, Hao and Markus R. Owen. 2013. Damped propagation of cell polarization explains distinct PCP phenotypes of epithelial patterning. Sci. Rep. 3:2528.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schibler, U., J. A. Ripperger and S. A. Brown. 2001. Circadian rhythms. Chronobiology--reducing time. Science. 293(5529):437–38.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Nair, R. R., P. Blake, A. N. Grigorenko, K. S. Novoselov, T. J. Booth et al. 2008. Fine structure constant defines visual transparency of graphene. Science. 320(5881):1308.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lachin, John M. 2010. Biostatistical Methods: The Assessment of Relative Risks. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Onwubolu, Godfrey C. and Donald Davendra, eds. 2009. Differential Evolution: A Handbook for Global Permutation-Based Combinatorial Optimization, Vol. 175. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Yamori, Katsuya. 2013. A Historical Overview of Social Representation of Earthquake Risk in Japan: Fatalism, Social Reform, Scientific Control and Collaborative Risk Management. In Cities at Risk: Living with Perils in the 21st Century, eds. Helene Joffe, Tiziana Rossetto and John Adams. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Informal Logic.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. Why Bigger Isn’t Always Better In The World Of Muscle Building. IFLScience. URL accessed 30 October 2018: <www.iflscience.com>.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1999. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: FAA Is Making Progress But Important Challenges Remain. T-AIMD/RCED-99-118, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zinda, Elizabeth Selena. 2017. American Cerberus: Pit Bulls and Psyche in the United States. Doctoral dissertation thesis. Pacifica Graduate Institute.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Herrman, John. 2016. As Presidential Campaign Demonstrated, All Media Is Alternative Online. New York Times, Nov. 11, , P8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Macilwain 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Macilwain 2000; Zhu and Owen 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhu and Owen 2013)
Three or more authors: (Nair et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Informal Logic
ISSN (print)	0824-2577
ISSN (online)	2293-734X
Scope