How to format your references using the Infection Prevention in Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Infection Prevention in Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Smaglik P. Centre stage in Missouri. Nature 2004;431:720–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Cochella L, Green R. An active role for tRNA in decoding beyond codon:anticodon pairing. Science 2005;308:1178–80.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Luo Y, Yang Y, Chen Z. Self-tuning wireless power transmission scheme based on on-line scattering parameters measurement and two-side power matching. Sci Rep 2014;4:4332.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Mahboob I, Mounaix M, Nishiguchi K, Fujiwara A, Yamaguchi H. A multimode electromechanical parametric resonator array. Sci Rep 2014;4:4448.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

da Silva LS, Simões R, Gervásio H, Couchman G. Design of Steel Structures. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Boi L, Kerszberg P, Patras F, editors. Rediscovering Phenomenology: Phenomenological Essays on Mathematical Beings, Physical Reality, Perception and Consciousness. vol. 182. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Miettinen M, Kulovesi J, Kalmari J, Visala A. New Measurement Concept for Forest Harvester Head. In: Howard A, Iagnemma K, Kelly A, editors. Field and Service Robotics: Results of the 7th International Conference, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010, p. 35–44.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Infection Prevention in Practice.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew D. Five Common Myths About The Ageing Brain And Body. IFLScience 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Performance Appraisal Information From Selected Federal Agencies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Haffner I. Experimental Investigation of Temperature Dependency in Transmission Characteristics of Liquid Crystals by Spectroscopy. Doctoral dissertation. University of Louisiana, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kelly C. Choosing to Live Abroad in Retirement. New York Times 2014:B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Infection Prevention in Practice
ISSN (print)	2590-0889
Scope