How to format your references using the Indian Journal of Virology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Indian Journal of Virology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Joppa LN. Journal club. An ecologist calls for a citizen-science “Wiki.” Nature. 2009;459:619.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Dominé F, Shepson PB. Air-snow interactions and atmospheric chemistry. Science. 2002;297:1506–10.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Hubbell JA, Thomas SN, Swartz MA. Materials engineering for immunomodulation. Nature. 2009;462:449–60.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Geddes CGR, Toth CS, Van Tilborg J, Esarey E, Schroeder CB, Bruhwiler D, et al. High-quality electron beams from a laser wakefield accelerator using plasma-channel guiding. Nature. 2004;431:538–41.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Moskowitz HR, Muñoz AM, Gacula MC Jr. Viewpoints and Controversies in Sensory Science and Consumer Product Testing. Trumbull, Connecticut, USA: Food & Nutrition Press, Inc.; 2008.

An edited book

1. Segalini A, editor. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Jets, Wakes and Separated Flows (ICJWSF2015). Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Menéndez V, Peredo E, Méndez M, Revilla A, Fernández H. Sexual Reproduction in Ferns. In: Kumar A, Fernández H, Revilla MA, editors. Working with Ferns: Issues and Applications. New York, NY: Springer; 2010. p. 37–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Indian Journal of Virology.

Blog post

1. Davis J. The Annual Ozone Hole Over Antarctica Formed Larger And Later In 2015 [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/annual-ozone-hole-over-antarctica-formed-larger-and-later-2015/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: VA and DOD Continue to Expand Sharing of Medical Information, but Still Lack Comprehensive Electronic Medical Records. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007 Oct. Report No.: GAO-08-207T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Chavez TM. A quasi-experimental study of the relationship between school structure and student outcomes [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly M. Political Memo; The New Year at a New Age Retreat: The Clintons in Agreeable Company. New York Times. 1992 Dec 31;A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Indian Journal of Virology
ISSN (print)	0970-2822
ISSN (online)	0974-0120
Scope