How to format your references using the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kanamori H. Earthquake hazards: Putting seismic research to most effective use. Nature 2012;483(7388):147–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Istvan ES, Deisenhofer J. Structural mechanism for statin inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase. Science 2001;292(5519):1160–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Haider B, Häusser M, Carandini M. Inhibition dominates sensory responses in the awake cortex. Nature 2013;493(7430):97–100.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Singh P, Sreenivasan S, Szymanski BK, Korniss G. Threshold-limited spreading in social networks with multiple initiators. Sci Rep 2013;3:2330.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Halloran M, Thies C. The Social Media Handbook for Financial Advisors. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Mathaudhu SN, Luo AA, Neelameggham NR, Nyberg EA, Sillekens WH, editors. Essential Readings in Magnesium Technology. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Propp S, Forbrig P. ViSE – A Virtual Smart Environment for Usability Evaluation. In: Bernhaupt R, Forbrig P, Gulliksen J, Lárusdóttir M, editors. Human-Centred Software Engineering: Third International Conference, HCSE 2010, Reykjavik, Iceland, October 14-15, 2010. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. page 38–45.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Indian Journal of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

Luntz S. Distant Star Formation Seen As Never Before [Internet]. IFLScience2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/distant-star-formation-seen-never/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. HHS Ability To Effectively Implement Incentive Funding for State Information Systems in the Aid to Families With Dependent Children Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Perkins J. “Inside of each story was a piece of my story”: Applied folklore addressing stigma around perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. 2017;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. On Racy Christopher Street, Anxiety Over a Possible BID. New York Times2002;147.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Indian J. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	0301-4738
ISSN (online)	1998-3689
Scope	Ophthalmology