How to format your references using the Indian Journal of Medical Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Indian Journal of Medical Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nadis S. Industry considers carbon catching. Nature 2000;406(6793):224.

A journal article with 2 authors

Alabugin I, Mohamed RK. Chemistry. A CO₂ cloak for the cyanide dagger. Science 2014;344(6179):45–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

McCarter J, Boge G, Darlow G. Essays on science and society. Safeguarding the world’s natural treasures. Science 2001;294(5549):2099–101.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Gulde S, Riebe M, Lancaster GPT, Becher C, Eschner J, Häffner H, et al. Implementation of the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm on an ion-trap quantum computer. Nature 2003;421(6918):48–50.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Perrin V. MRI Techniques. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Pitkethly J. Dualisability: Unary Algebras and Beyond. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Mizuguchi S, Ohta K, Beers PJ, Yamaguchi M, Nishimura T. Interactions Among Multiple Niche-Innovations and Multi-regimes: The Case of the “Welfare Mall” in Higashiomi. In: Loorbach D, Wittmayer JM, Shiroyama H, Fujino J, Mizuguchi S, editors. Governance of Urban Sustainability Transitions: European and Asian Experiences. Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2016. page 69–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Indian Journal of Medical Sciences.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. Discovery Of Cosmic Web Feeding A Protogalaxy Could Reveal How Galaxies Form. IFLScience2015;

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Abstracts of Reports and Testimony: Fiscal Year 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Barta ME. Culture, customer-centricity, and customer relationship management in an online postsecondary learning institution. 2009;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Otis J. Eritrean Couple’s Reunion, Decades in the Making. New York Times2016;A29.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Indian Journal of Medical Sciences
Abbreviation	Indian J. Med. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0019-5359
ISSN (online)	1998-3654
Scope	General Medicine

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