How to format your references using the Indian Journal of Medical Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Indian Journal of Medical Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteFind the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
1.
Snyder SH. Neuroscience. Adam finds an exciting mate. Science 2006;313(5794):1744–5.
A journal article with 2 authors
1.
Rogulja D, Young MW. Control of sleep by cyclin A and its regulator. Science 2012;335(6076):1617–21.
A journal article with 3 authors
1.
Hopkins M, Harrison TM, Manning CE. Low heat flow inferred from >4 Gyr zircons suggests Hadean plate boundary interactions. Nature 2008;456(7221):493–6.
A journal article with 7 or more authors
1.
Wilde SA, Valley JW, Peck WH, Graham CM. Evidence from detrital zircons for the existence of continental crust and oceans on the Earth 4.4 Gyr ago. Nature 2001;409(6817):175–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
1.
Van Fleet PJ. Discrete Wavelet Transformations. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2008.
An edited book
1.
Maneth S, editor. Data Science: 30th British International Conference on Databases, BICOD 2015, Edinburgh, UK, July 6-8, 2015, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.
A chapter in an edited book
1.
Fang AC, Cao J. Etymological Features Across Genres and Registers. In: Cao J, editor. Text Genres and Registers: The Computation of Linguistic Features. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2015. page 55–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Indian Journal of Medical Sciences.

Blog post
1.
Luntz S. Smart Female Guppies With Bigger Brains Choose More Attractive Mates. IFLScience2017;

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
1.
Government Accountability Office. Aviation Safety: Status of Recommendations to Improve FAA’s Certification and Approval Processes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
1.
Dickinson S. Best practices in integrating acquisitions. 2013;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
1.
Pilon M. Off Without a Hitch. New York Times2013;F1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal titleIndian Journal of Medical Sciences
AbbreviationIndian J. Med. Sci.
ISSN (print)0019-5359
ISSN (online)1998-3654
ScopeGeneral Medicine

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