How to format your references using the In Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for In Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Morrison P. Tales behind the tags. Nature. 2001;413:461.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ogawa W, Kasuga M. Cell signaling. Fat stress and liver resistance. Science. 2008;322:1483–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fay JC, Wyckoff GJ, Wu C-I. Testing the neutral theory of molecular evolution with genomic data from Drosophila. Nature. 2002;415:1024–6.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kimura Y, Inoue T, Yin F, et al. Inverse temperature dependence of toughness in an ultrafine grain-structure steel. Science. 2008;320:1057–60.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety. Guidelines for Initiating Events and Independent Protection Layers in Layer of Protection Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2015.

An edited book

Xu H, Wang X, editors. Optimization and Control Methods in Industrial Engineering and Construction. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Demuijnck G. Poverty as a Human Rights Violation and the Limits of Nationalism. In: Follesdal A, Pogge T, eds. Real World Justice: Grounds, Principles, Human Rights, and Social Institutions. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands 2005:65–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for In Practice.

Blog post

Andrew D. Giant Sinkhole Swallows An Entire Bus And Spits It Back Out. IFLScience. 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/giant-sinkhole-swallows-entire-bus-and-spits-it-back-out/ (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Weather Satellites: Action Needed to Resolve Status of the U.S. Geostationary Satellite Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crowell ML. A Case Study into the Perception of World Language Study of All Stakeholders in a Suburban Midwest School District. 2016.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B. Evacuation Ends, Leaving Aleppo in Government Hands. New York Times. 2016;A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	In Practice
Abbreviation	In Pract.
ISSN (print)	0263-841X
ISSN (online)	2042-7689
Scope	General Veterinary