How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Reliability citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Reliability. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

T. Schaetz, “Quantum physics: Entanglement beyond identical ions,” Nature, vol. 528, no. 7582, pp. 337–338, Dec. 2015.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M. J. Higgins and S. J. H. Graham, “Intellectual property. Balancing innovation and access: patent challenges tip the scales,” Science, vol. 326, no. 5951, pp. 370–371, Oct. 2009.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

T. J. Gardner, F. Naef, and F. Nottebohm, “Freedom and rules: the acquisition and reprogramming of a bird’s learned song,” Science, vol. 308, no. 5724, pp. 1046–1049, May 2005.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P. F. Colosimo et al., “Widespread parallel evolution in sticklebacks by repeated fixation of Ectodysplasin alleles,” Science, vol. 307, no. 5717, pp. 1928–1933, Mar. 2005.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

W. M. Stacey, Fusion Plasma Physics. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012.

An edited book

[1]

K. Hutter, Fluid and Thermodynamics: Volume 1: Basic Fluid Mechanics. in Advances in Geophysical and Environmental Mechanics and Mathematics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

C. Dea, M. Heckler, G. Grunwald, J. Pereda, and S. M. Phillips, “Layouts and UI Controls,” in JavaFX 8: Introduction by Example, M. Heckler, G. Grunwald, J. Pereda, and S. M. Phillips, Eds., Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2014, pp. 91–122.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Reliability.

Blog post

[1]

B. Taub, “Underage Abortion Leads To More Advantages Than Teenage Motherhood, Study Suggests,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/underage-abortion-leads-more-advantages-teenage-motherhood-study-suggests/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “U.S. Infrastructure: Agencies’ Approaches to Developing Investment Estimates Vary,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-01-835, Jul. 2001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

J. L. Biermann, “The distribution of Callinectes sapidus megalopae at the mouths of Chesapeake and Delaware Bays: Implications for larval ingress,” Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Kenigsberg, “The Son of Joseph,” New York Times, p. C12, Jan. 12, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Reliability
ISSN (print)	0018-9529
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality