How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. O. Ernst, “Behavior. Decisions made better,” Science, vol. 329, no. 5995, pp. 1022–1023, Aug. 2010.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J. M. Coffin and J. P. Stoye, “Virology. A new virus for old diseases?,” Science, vol. 326, no. 5952, pp. 530–531, Oct. 2009.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

G. A. Amodeo, M. J. Rudolph, and L. Tong, “Crystal structure of the heterotrimer core of Saccharomyces cerevisiae AMPK homologue SNF1,” Nature, vol. 449, no. 7161, pp. 492–495, Sep. 2007.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S. Hapfelmeier et al., “Reversible microbial colonization of germ-free mice reveals the dynamics of IgA immune responses,” Science, vol. 328, no. 5986, pp. 1705–1709, Jun. 2010.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R. A. Alberty, Thermodynamics of Biochemical Reactions. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.

An edited book

[1]

S. V. Rotkin and S. Subramoney, Eds., Applied Physics of Carbon Nanotubes: Fundamentals of Theory, Optics and Transport Devices. in NanoScience and Technology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

O. Komárek, K. Felcmanová, E. Šetlíková, E. Kotabová, M. Trtílek, and O. Prášil, “Microscopic Measurements of the Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Kinetics,” in Chlorophyll a Fluorescence in Aquatic Sciences: Methods and Applications, D. J. Suggett, O. Prášil, and M. A. Borowitzka, Eds., Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010, pp. 91–101.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, “10,000-Year-Old Prehistoric Forest Discovered Submerged Off UK Coast,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/10000-year-old-prehistoric-forest-discovered-submerged-uk-coast/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Propriety of the City Edges Grant Awarded to the Suburban Action Institute,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, B-158811, Sep. 1973.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

E. Hobbs, “Rehearing Florence Price: A Closer Look at Her Symphony in E Minor,” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Kenigsberg, “Trudging to Suffrage, On a Swiss Schedule,” New York Times, p. C7, Oct. 26, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.
ISSN (print)	1932-4545
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering