How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Grosjean, “Mid-Holocene climate in the south-central Andes: humid or dry?,” Science, vol. 292, no. 5526, p. 2391, Jun. 2001.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

N. Zaki and A. Mora, “A comparative analysis of computational approaches and algorithms for protein subcomplex identification,” Sci. Rep., vol. 4, p. 4262, Mar. 2014.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

A. Olsen, M. C. Vantipalli, and G. J. Lithgow, “Checkpoint proteins control survival of the postmitotic cells in Caenorhabditis elegans,” Science, vol. 312, no. 5778, pp. 1381–1385, Jun. 2006.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M. Pannuzzo, A. Raudino, D. Milardi, C. La Rosa, and M. Karttunen, “α-helical structures drive early stages of self-assembly of amyloidogenic amyloid polypeptide aggregate formation in membranes,” Sci. Rep., vol. 3, p. 2781, Sep. 2013.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Paret, Flexray and its Applications. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012.

An edited book

[1]

A. Sakurai, K. Hasida, and K. Nitta, Eds., New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence: JSAI 2003 and JSAI 2004 Conferences and Workshops, Niigata, Japan, June 23-27, 2003 and Kanazawa, Japan, May 31 - June 4, 2004, Revised Selected Papers, vol. 3609. in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3609. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

N. Moore, “Me to We,” in Indigenist African Development and Related Issues: Towards a Transdisciplinary Perspective, A. Asabere-Ameyaw, J. Anamuah-Mensah, G. S. Dei, and K. Raheem, Eds., Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2014, pp. 49–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, “Comet To Make Close Approach To Mars,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/space/comet-make-close-approach-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Highway Trust Fund: Nearly All States Received More Funding Than They Contributed in Highway Taxes Since 2005,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-10-780, Jun. 2010.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

P. Safi Samghabadi, “Kinematic analysis and control design of a retractable wheel mechanism using optimal control theory,” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Swenson, “New Orleans Celebrates Fats Domino,” New York Times, p. C1, Oct. 26, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1]–[4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.
ISSN (print)	1932-4545
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering