How to format your references using the IEEE Technology and Society Magazine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Technology and Society Magazine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

S. Maren, “Neuroscience. The threatened brain,” Science, vol. 317, no. 5841, pp. 1043–1044, Aug. 2007.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

T. Hla and D.-S. Im, “Cell biology. The ABCs of lipophile transport,” Science, vol. 323, no. 5916, pp. 883–884, Feb. 2009.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

L. K. Fenton, P. E. Geissler, and R. M. Haberle, “Global warming and climate forcing by recent albedo changes on Mars,” Nature, vol. 446, no. 7136, pp. 646–649, Apr. 2007.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

A. Lange et al., “Toxin-induced conformational changes in a potassium channel revealed by solid-state NMR,” Nature, vol. 440, no. 7086, pp. 959–962, Apr. 2006.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

B. K. Lad, D. Shrivastava, and M. S. Kulkarni, Machine Tool Reliability. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016.

An edited book

[1]

A. Popescu-Belis and R. Stiefelhagen, Eds., Machine Learning for Multimodal Interaction: 5th International Workshop, MLMI 2008, Utrecht, The Netherlands, September 8-10, 2008. Proceedings, vol. 5237. in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5237. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

F. Bertarelli et al., “Low Cost Wireless Technology and Digital Board for Education in Rural Kenya,” in e-Technologies and Networks for Development: First International Conference, ICeND 2011, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania, August 3-5, 2011. Proceedings, J. J. Yonazi, E. Sedoyeka, E. Ariwa, and E. El-Qawasmeh, Eds., in Communications in Computer and Information Science. , Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2011, pp. 52–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Technology and Society Magazine.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, “We Are Lucky To Live In A Universe Made For Us,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/space/we-are-lucky-live-universe-made-us/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Aviation Security: Transportation Security Administration Has Made Progress in Managing a Federal Security Workforce and Ensuring Security at U.S. Airports, but Challenges Remain,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-06-597T, Apr. 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

R. L. Eldridge, “A Comparative Quantitative Study of Private College Audit Fee Behavior in a Highly Regulated Environment,” Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University, Scottsdale, AZ, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

F. Kelly, “ETHNIC ORAL HISTORY BECOMING BOOKLETS,” New York Times, p. 11NJ13, Nov. 11, 1984.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1]–[4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Technology and Society Magazine
Abbreviation	IEEE Technol. Soc. Mag.
ISSN (print)	0278-0097
Scope	General Engineering General Social Sciences