How to format your references using the IEEE MultiMedia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE MultiMedia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

A. Ghosh, “Neurobiology. Learning more about NMDA receptor regulation,” Science, vol. 295, no. 5554, pp. 449–451, Jan. 2002.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

G. Mourou and T. Tajima, “Physics. More intense, shorter pulses,” Science, vol. 331, no. 6013, pp. 41–42, Jan. 2011.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S. Y. Moon-van der Staay, R. De Wachter, and D. Vaulot, “Oceanic 18S rDNA sequences from picoplankton reveal unsuspected eukaryotic diversity,” Nature, vol. 409, no. 6820, pp. 607–610, Feb. 2001.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Y. Mandel et al., “Vasoconstriction by electrical stimulation: new approach to control of non-compressible hemorrhage,” Sci. Rep., vol. 3, p. 2111, 2013.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

W. Hu, Fundamental Spacecraft Dynamics and Control. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Y. A. Kontar, V. Santiago-Fandiño, and T. Takahashi, Eds., Tsunami Events and Lessons Learned: Environmental and Societal Significance, vol. 35. in Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research, vol. 35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. van Aartsengel and S. Kurtoglu, “Strategic Planning and Management,” in A Guide to Continuous Improvement Transformation: Concepts, Processes, Implementation, S. Kurtoglu, Ed., in Management for Professionals. , Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2013, pp. 51–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE MultiMedia.

Blog post

[1]

J. O`Callaghan, “Discovery Of Massless Weyl Fermion Particle Could Revolutionize Electronics,” IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Pipeline Safety: Systematic Process Needed to Evaluate Outcomes of Research and Development Program,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-03-746, Jun. 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

W. E. Mazon, “The effect of the Breath Builder^TM on various lung functions and musical performance abilities of clarinet players,” Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Sisario, “Stoking Classic Rock Hunger With Concerts on the Coasts,” New York Times, p. C4, Mar. 29, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE MultiMedia
ISSN (print)	1070-986X
Scope	Computer Science Applications Hardware and Architecture Signal Processing Software Media Technology