How to format your references using the IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

O. Rando, “A biologist despairs over the difficulty of demonstrating heritability of chromatin states,” Nature, vol. 454, no. 7201, p. 141, Jul. 2008.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

S. W. S. Lee and N. Schwarz, “Washing away postdecisional dissonance,” Science, vol. 328, no. 5979, p. 709, May 2010.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. J. Vendrasco, T. E. Wood, and B. N. Runnegar, “Articulated Palaeozoic fossil with 17 plates greatly expands disparity of early chitons,” Nature, vol. 429, no. 6989, pp. 288–291, May 2004.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J. Lelieveld et al., “Greenhouse gases: low methane leakage from gas pipelines,” Nature, vol. 434, no. 7035, pp. 841–842, Apr. 2005.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

G. Krabbes, G. Fuchs, W.-R. Canders, H. May, and R. Palka, High Temperature Superconductor Bulk Materials. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006.

An edited book

[1]

X. Feng, O. Karakashian, and Y. Xing, Eds., Recent Developments in Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Methods for Partial Differential Equations: 2012 John H Barrett Memorial Lectures, vol. 157. in The IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications, vol. 157. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Cuzzocrea and A. Nucita, “Reasoning on Incompleteness of Spatial Information for Effectively and Efficiently Answering Range Queries over Incomplete Spatial Databases,” in Flexible Query Answering Systems: 8th International Conference, FQAS 2009, Roskilde, Denmark, October 26-28, 2009. Proceedings, T. Andreasen, R. R. Yager, H. Bulskov, H. Christiansen, and H. L. Larsen, Eds., in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. , Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2009, pp. 37–52.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, “Scientists have made light appear to break Newton’s third law,” IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Public Transit: Federal and Transit Agencies Taking Steps to Build Transit Systems’ Resilience but Face Challenges,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-15-159, Dec. 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K. K. Claypool, “Organizational Success: How the Presence of Happiness in the Workplace Affects Employee Engagement that Leads to Organizational Success,” Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Kishkovsky, “New Yorkers in Moscow Follow Stanislavsky’s Path,” New York Times, p. B9, May 21, 2005.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
Abbreviation	IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
ISSN (print)	1077-260X
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics