How to format your references using the IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

T. Williams, “Climate science: How Antarctic ice retreats,” Nature, vol. 510, no. 7503, pp. 39–40, Jun. 2014.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M. Lotti and P. Nicotera, “Toxicology: a risky business,” Nature, vol. 416, no. 6880, p. 481, Apr. 2002.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S. Spranger, R. Bao, and T. F. Gajewski, “Melanoma-intrinsic β-catenin signalling prevents anti-tumour immunity,” Nature, vol. 523, no. 7559, pp. 231–235, Jul. 2015.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Q. Zhao et al., “Author Correction: Structure and mechanogating mechanism of the Piezo1 channel,” Nature, vol. 563, no. 7730, p. E19, Nov. 2018.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

S. P. Simko, Strategic Fixed Income Investing. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012.

An edited book

[1]

E. Colombo, Financial Market Imperfections and Corporate Decisions: Lessons from the Transition Process in Hungary. in Contributions to Economics. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

D. V. Nica, D.-M. Bordean, A. B. Borozan, I. Gergen, M. Bura, and I. Banatean-Dunea, “Use of Land Snails (Pulmonata) for Monitoring Copper Pollution in Terrestrial Ecosystems,” in Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, D. M. Whitacre, Ed., in Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. , New York, NY: Springer, 2013, pp. 95–137.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, “New Finch Species Evolves Before Our Eyes,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/new-finch-species-evolves-our-eyes/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Federal Vehicle Collisions and Aftermarket Collision Avoidance Technologies,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-14-408R, Apr. 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

A. P. Cubarrubia, “Exploring the influence of external standards of institutional effectiveness on program assessment in student affairs,” Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Ortved, “In Brooklyn, a Hunt For the Perfect Fit,” New York Times, p. D3, Aug. 02, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Abbreviation	IEEE ACM Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process.
ISSN (print)	2329-9290
Scope	Signal Processing Electrical and Electronic Engineering Media Technology Acoustics and Ultrasonics Instrumentation Linguistics and Language Speech and Hearing