How to format your references using the ICT Express citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for ICT Express. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

A. Maxmen, Fighting the monster, Nature. 466 (2010) S18-9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

S. Bergink, S. Jentsch, Principles of ubiquitin and SUMO modifications in DNA repair, Nature. 458 (2009) 461–467.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Lane, R.L. Robker, S.A. Robertson, Parenting from before conception, Science. 345 (2014) 756–760.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M. Toda, A. Takagaki, M. Okamura, J.N. Kondo, S. Hayashi, K. Domen, M. Hara, Green chemistry: biodiesel made with sugar catalyst, Nature. 438 (2005) 178.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

V.J. Wiebe, Drug Therapy for Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ, 2015.

An edited book

[1]

A.M. Bahadir, G. Duca, eds., The Role of Ecological Chemistry in Pollution Research and Sustainable Development, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

I. Stankovic, J.-U. Voigt, Echocardiography in the Clinical Evaluation of Heart Failure: What Clinicians Need to know and Echocardiographers Should Report, in: J. Bartunek, M. Vanderheyden (Eds.), Translational Approach to Heart Failure, Springer, New York, NY, 2013: pp. 91–118.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for ICT Express.

Blog post

[1]

B. Taub, 800,000-Year-Old Homo Erectus Footprints Found In Eritrea, IFLScience. (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/800000-year-old-homo-erectus-footprints-found-eritrea/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Job Access and Reverse Commute Program: Progress Made in Using Funds and Stakeholder Views on Proposed Program Changes, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

M. Battaglia, Presenting a pluralized past: Assessing the efficacy of multivocal, bison-themed lesson units as a public education and outreach strategy for archaeology, Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M.J.O. Murphy, Two Momentous Occasions in New York History, New York Times. (2016) C30.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	ICT Express
Abbreviation	ICT Express
ISSN (print)	2405-9595
Scope

Research and Writing Guides