How to format your references using the Hydrology and Earth System Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Jarillo-Herrero, P.: Applied physics. Pulling apart molecular magnetism, Science, 328, 1362–1363, 2010.

A journal article with 2 authors

Reichhardt, C. J. O. and Lopatina, L. M.: Materials science. A ball-and-chain polymer model, Science, 326, 374–375, 2009.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shih, W. M., Quispe, J. D., and Joyce, G. F.: A 1.7-kilobase single-stranded DNA that folds into a nanoscale octahedron, Nature, 427, 618–621, 2004.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Xiang, Y., Laurent, B., Hsu, C.-H., Nachtergaele, S., Lu, Z., Sheng, W., Xu, C., Chen, H., Ouyang, J., Wang, S., Ling, D., Hsu, P.-H., Zou, L., Jambhekar, A., He, C., and Shi, Y.: Corrigendum: RNA m6A methylation regulates the ultraviolet-induced DNA damage response, Nature, 552, 430, 2017.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Corsi, P. and Dulieu, M.: The Marketing of Technology Intensive Products and Services, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2013.

An edited book

Favali, P.: SEAFLOOR OBSERVATORIES: A New Vision of the Earth from the Abyss, 1st ed. 2015., edited by: Beranzoli, L. and De Santis, A., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, XXXI, 676 p. 348 illus., 306 illus. in color pp., 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Lu, W., Zhan, C., and Hou, H.: Targeted Liposomes and Micelles as Carriers for Cancer Therapy, in: Nano-Oncologicals: New Targeting and Delivery Approaches, edited by: Alonso, M. J. and Garcia-Fuentes, M., Springer International Publishing, Cham, 95–122, 2014.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hydrology and Earth System Sciences.

Blog post

Early Scorpions May Have Transitioned To Land Earlier Than Thought: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/early-scorpions-may-have-transitioned-land-earlier-thought/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Highway Infrastructure: FHWA’s Model for Estimating Highway Needs Is Generally Reasonable, Despite Limitations, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2000.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Joshi, R. A.: Adaptive nulling in multiple beam antennas using quantized state adaptive algorithms, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wilson, M.: A Manhunt That Began on Mulberry Street Ends in Florida, New York Times, 13th September, A23, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Jarillo-Herrero, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Jarillo-Herrero, 2010; Reichhardt and Lopatina, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Reichhardt and Lopatina, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Xiang et al., 2017)

About the journal

Full journal title	Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Abbreviation	Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1027-5606
ISSN (online)	1607-7938
Scope