How to format your references using the Hong Kong Journal of Radiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hong Kong Journal of Radiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sales BC. Thermoelectric materials. Smaller is cooler. Science. 2002;295:1248–1249.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cochella L, Green R. An active role for tRNA in decoding beyond codon:anticodon pairing. Science. 2005;308:1178–1180.

A journal article with 3 authors

Walker J, Cliff RA, Latham AG. U-Pb isotopic age of the StW 573 hominid from Sterkfontein, South Africa. Science. 2006;314:1592–1594.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Lucchetta EM, Lee JH, Fu LA, Patel NH, Ismagilov RF. Dynamics of Drosophila embryonic patterning network perturbed in space and time using microfluidics. Nature. 2005;434:1134–1138.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gustafsson F. Adaptive Filtering and Change Detection. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2001.

An edited book

Abuzinada AH, Barth H-J, Krupp F, Böer B, Abdessalaam TZA, editors. Protecting the Gulf’s Marine Ecosystems from Pollution. Basel: Birkhäuser; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Selvi SSD, Vivek SS, Vinayagamurthy D, Rangan CP. ID Based Signcryption Scheme in Standard Model. In: Takagi T, Wang G, Qin Z, Jiang S, Yu Y, editors. Provable Security: 6th International Conference, ProvSec 2012, Chengdu, China, September 26-28, 2012. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 35–52.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hong Kong Journal of Radiology.

Blog post

Hale T. Scientist Steps Closer To Understanding The Enigmatic Noises Of The Northern Lights [Internet]. IFLScience. 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/scientist-steps-closer-to-understanding-the-enigmatic-noises-of-the-northern-lights/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 21st Century Challenges: Reexamining the Base of the Federal Government. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Olson CR. Population genetic structure of two abyssal grenadiers of the north Atlantic and northeastern Pacific oceans. 2017;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW, Schoenfeld A. Padded Pensions Add to New York Fiscal Woes. New York Times. 2010;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Hong Kong Journal of Radiology
Abbreviation	Hong Kong J. Radiol.
ISSN (print)	2223-6619
ISSN (online)	2307-4620
Scope	Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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