How to format your references using the HKIE Transactions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for HKIE Transactions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Reich ES. Online reputations: Best face forward. Nature. 2011;473(7346):138–139.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Fox EJ, Loeb LA. Cancer: One cell at a time. Nature. 2014;512(7513):143–144.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Boyvat M, Hafner C, Leuthold J. Wireless control and selection of forces and torques--towards wireless engines. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5681.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Chen XJ, Wang X, Kaufman BA, et al. Aconitase couples metabolic regulation to mitochondrial DNA maintenance. Science. 2005;307(5710):714–717.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Jank W, Shmueli G. Modeling Online Auctions. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Jacobs K. Social Media, Parties, and Political Inequalities. Spierings N, editor. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

van der Veen M, Osseweijer P. IPRs and the Transfer of Technologies that Combat Climate Change: The Untapped Potential of Licensing. In: Cahoy DR, Colburn JE, editors. Law and the Transition to Business Sustainability. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 85–102.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for HKIE Transactions.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. UN Finally Owns Up To Their Role In the Haiti Cholera Outbreak [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/un-finally-owns-up-to-their-role-in-the-haiti-cholera-outbreak/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Request for Comments on Proposed Amendment. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981. Report No.: B-203547. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Sachdev NA. An Evaluation of the District of Columbia Summer Youth Employment Program [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Pilon M. Wagner and Ice Dancers Rally U.S. to Finals. New York Times. 2014 Feb 9;SP6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	HKIE Transactions
ISSN (print)	1023-697X
ISSN (online)	2326-3733
Scope	General Engineering