How to format your references using the History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Matzke, N. J. (2016). The evolution of antievolution policies after Kitzmiller versus Dover. Science (New York, N.Y.), 351(6268), 28–30.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brown, S., & Zarin, D. (2013). Environmental science. What does zero deforestation mean? Science (New York, N.Y.), 342(6160), 805–807.

A journal article with 3 authors

Leung, A. K. W., Nagai, K., & Li, J. (2011). Structure of the spliceosomal U4 snRNP core domain and its implication for snRNP biogenesis. Nature, 473(7348), 536–539.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Walther, G.-R., Post, E., Convey, P., Menzel, A., Parmesan, C., Beebee, T. J. C., et al. (2002). Ecological responses to recent climate change. Nature, 416(6879), 389–395.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Barnett, J. E., & Johnson, W. B. (2015). Ethics Desk Reference for Counselors. Alexandria, VA, USA: American Counseling Association.

An edited book

Patel, B. (Ed.). (2016). Endodontic Treatment, Retreatment, and Surgery: Mastering Clinical Practice. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Belohlavek, R. (2011). What is a Fuzzy Concept Lattice? II. In S. O. Kuznetsov, D. Ślęzak, D. H. Hepting, & B. G. Mirkin (Eds.), Rough Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Data Mining and Granular Computing: 13th International Conference, RSFDGrC 2011, Moscow, Russia, June 25-27, 2011. Proceedings (pp. 19–26). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016, July 26). Freaks And Uniques: Evolution’s Weirdest Creatures. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/freaks-and-uniques-evolutions-weirdest-creatures/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1979). Proposed Closure of VOA Dixon Relay Station (No. ID-79-42). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Leonard Puppa, E. L. (2010). Duration of case management: Correlation with Medicaid pediatric patient outcomes (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt), S. K. (2002, December 13). World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Cyrillic For All. New York Times, p. A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Matzke 2016).
This sentence cites two references (Brown and Zarin 2013; Matzke 2016).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brown and Zarin 2013)
Three or more authors: (Walther et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
Abbreviation	Hist. Philos. Life Sci.
ISSN (print)	0391-9714
ISSN (online)	1742-6316
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) History History and Philosophy of Science