How to format your references using the Herpetologica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Herpetologica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gisin, N. 2009. Physics. Quantum nonlocality: how does nature do it? Science 326:1357–1358.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nudds, R.L., and G.J. Dyke. 2010. Narrow primary feather rachises in Confuciusornis and Archaeopteryx suggest poor flight ability. Science 328:887–889.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jin, F.-F., J. Boucharel, and I.-I. Lin. 2014. Eastern Pacific tropical cyclones intensified by El Niño delivery of subsurface ocean heat. Nature 516:82–85.

A journal article with 10 or more authors

Alley, R.B., D.E. Lawson, G.J. Larson, E.B. Evenson, and G.S. Baker. 2003. Stabilizing feedbacks in glacier-bed erosion. Nature 424:758–760.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Baldwin, C.J. 2015. The 10 Principles of Food Industry Sustainability. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Wagner, H.-J. 2009. Introduction to Wind Energy Systems: Basics, Technology and Operation. (J. Mathur, ed.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. XVI, 87 p. 33 illus pp.

A chapter in an edited book

Qureshi, H., and A. Verma. 2013. It Is Just Not Cricket. Pp. 69–88 in Match-Fixing in International Sports: Existing Processes, Law Enforcement, and Prevention Strategies (M.R. Haberfeld and D. Sheehan, eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Herpetologica.

Blog post

Luntz, S. 2016. Rising Seas Due To Climate Change Claim Their First Mammal Species. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/rising-seas-due-to-climate-change-claim-their-first-mammal-species/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2007. Higher Education: Tuition Continues to Rise, but Patterns Vary by Institution Type, Enrollment, and Educational Expenditures. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Errett, R. 2014. Acid Mine Drainage In The Big Muddy River Watershed. Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker, L. 2009. 2 Families, and No Room for Guilt. New York Times C33.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gisin 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Gisin 2009; Nudds and Dyke 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nudds and Dyke 2010)
Three or more authors: (Alley et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Herpetologica
Abbreviation	Herpetologica
ISSN (print)	0018-0831
ISSN (online)	1938-5099
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics