How to format your references using the Hepatology, Medicine and Policy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hepatology, Medicine and Policy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gingerich O. Tycho and the ton of gold. Nature. 2000 Jan 20;403(6767):251.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shaye DD, Greenwald I. Endocytosis-mediated downregulation of LIN-12/Notch upon Ras activation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 2002 Dec 12;420(6916):686–90.

A journal article with 3 authors

Weymouth AJ, Hofmann T, Giessibl FJ. Quantifying molecular stiffness and interaction with lateral force microscopy. Science. 2014 Mar 7;343(6175):1120–2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhang Y, Yu L, Liang J-Q, Chen G, Jia S, Nori F. Quantum phases in circuit QED with a superconducting qubit array. Sci. Rep. 2014 Feb 13;4:4083.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nash CE. The History of Aquaculture. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.

An edited book

Kapur PK. Software Reliability Assessment with OR Applications. Pham H, Gupta A, Jha PC, editors. London: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Barton A, Mayboroda S. Higher-Order Elliptic Equations in Non-Smooth Domains: a Partial Survey. In: Pereyra MC, Marcantognini S, Stokolos AM, Urbina W, editors. Harmonic Analysis, Partial Differential Equations, Complex Analysis, Banach Spaces, and Operator Theory (Volume 1): Celebrating Cora Sadosky’s life. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 55–121.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hepatology, Medicine and Policy.

Blog post

Davis J. Wild Chimpanzee Life Expectancy Closely Matches That Of Human Hunter-Gatherers. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Joint Simulation Training. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994 Aug. Report No.: NSIAD-94-249R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Noll RT. Physician acceptance of Computerized Physician Order Entry in outpatient settings: A quantitative analysis of family medicine within Maricopa County, Arizona [Doctoral dissertation]. [Minneapolis, MN]: Capella University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S. In Siberia, the World Moves In With Lenin’s Legacy. New York Times. 2000 Jan 4;E2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gingerich 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Gingerich 2000; Shaye and Greenwald 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shaye and Greenwald 2002)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Hepatology, Medicine and Policy
Abbreviation	Hepatol. Med. Policy
ISSN (online)	2059-5166
Scope