How to format your references using the Hepatology, Medicine and Policy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hepatology, Medicine and Policy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. Scientific personalities. Nature. 2005 Jan 13;433(7022):177.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tang S, Guo A. Choice behavior of Drosophila facing contradictory visual cues. Science. 2001 Nov 16;294(5546):1543–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shapiro JH, Venkatraman D, Wong FNC. Ghost imaging without discord. Sci. Rep. 2013;3:1849.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Bessell PR, Searle KR, Auty HK, Handel IG, Purse BV, Bronsvoort BMD. Epidemic potential of an emerging vector borne disease in a marginal environment: Schmallenberg in Scotland. Sci. Rep. 2013 Jan 31;3:1178.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Biegelman MT, Biegelman DR. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Compliance Guidebook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Martin U, editor. Engineering of Stem Cells. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Smith A. Asymptotically Optimal and Private Statistical Estimation. In: Garay JA, Miyaji A, Otsuka A, editors. Cryptology and Network Security: 8th International Conference, CANS 2009, Kanazawa, Japan, December 12-14, 2009. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 53–7.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hepatology, Medicine and Policy.

Blog post

Davis J. Discovery Of New Biomarkers Could Lead To Earlier Detection Of Pancreatic Cancer [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/discovery-new-biomarkers-could-lead-earlier-detection-pancreatic-cancer/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Congressional Oversight: Reality and Reform. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980 Oct. Report No.: 113595.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stout J. The Effects of Discipline with African-American Males at an Alternative Middle School: The Perceptions of Parents/Guardians, Teachers, Administrators, and Other Academic Stakeholders [Doctoral dissertation]. [Scottsdale, AZ]: Northcentral University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron J. A Hospital, Once Afloat, Is Buoyant With Over a Century of Memories. New York Times. 2017 Apr 28;A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik 2005; Tang and Guo 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tang and Guo 2001)
Three or more authors: (Bessell et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Hepatology, Medicine and Policy
Abbreviation	Hepatol. Med. Policy
ISSN (online)	2059-5166
Scope