How to format your references using the Hepatology, Medicine and Policy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hepatology, Medicine and Policy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Li WKW. Macroecological patterns of phytoplankton in the northwestern North Atlantic Ocean. Nature. 2002 Sep 12;419(6903):154–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zahn LM, Travis J. Cancer genomics. A medical renaissance? Introduction. Science. 2013 Mar 29;339(6127):1539.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fiske ST, Harris LT, Cuddy AJC. Social psychology. Why ordinary people torture enemy prisoners. Science. 2004 Nov 26;306(5701):1482–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zheng S, Han P, Han Z, Zhang H, Tang Z, Yang J. High performance C/S composite cathodes with conventional carbonate-based electrolytes in Li-S battery. Sci. Rep. 2014 Apr 29;4:4842.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Provost JJ, Colabroy KL, Kelly BS, Wallert MA. The Science of Cooking. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

Altay N, Litteral LA, editors. Service Parts Management: Demand Forecasting and Inventory Control. London: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Bertino E, Martino LD, Paci F, Squicciarini AC. Digital Identity Management and Trust Negotiation. In: Martino L, Paci F, Squicciarini A, editors. Security for Web Services and Service-Oriented Architectures. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 79–114.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hepatology, Medicine and Policy.

Blog post

Davis J. Newly Described Orchid Has A Tiny Demon At Its Center [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/newly-described-orchid-has-a-tiny-demon-at-its-center/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. FAA Staffing: Challenges in Managing Shortages in the Maintenance Work Force. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987 Sep. Report No.: RCED-87-137.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yu B. Periodic Motions and Bifurcation Tree in a Periodically Excited Oscillator with Quadratic Nonlinearity [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L. Another Summer, Same Dark Stage. New York Times. 2007 Aug 19;LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Li 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Li 2002; Zahn and Travis 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zahn and Travis 2013)
Three or more authors: (Zheng et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Hepatology, Medicine and Policy
Abbreviation	Hepatol. Med. Policy
ISSN (online)	2059-5166
Scope