How to format your references using the Hepatic Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hepatic Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Seager S. Exoplanet habitability. Science. 340(6132), 577–581 (2013).

A journal article with 2 authors

McGuinness LP, Jelezko F. Quantum mechanics. Look but don’t touch the metals. Science. 347(6226), 1073–1074 (2015).

A journal article with 3 authors

Pelupessy P, Rennella E, Bodenhausen G. High-resolution NMR in magnetic fields with unknown spatiotemporal variations. Science. 324(5935), 1693–1697 (2009).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Ajelli M, Poletti P, Melegaro A, Merler S. The role of different social contexts in shaping influenza transmission during the 2009 pandemic. Sci. Rep. 4, 7218 (2014).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Varrall G. Making Telecoms Work. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Goetz T, Jaritz G, Oser F, editors. Pains and Gains of International Mobility in Teacher Education. SensePublishers, Rotterdam.

A chapter in an edited book

Bandyopadhyay S, Saha S. Clustering Algorithms. In: Unsupervised Classification: Similarity Measures, Classical and Metaheuristic Approaches, and Applications. Saha S (Ed.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 75–92 (2013).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hepatic Oncology.

Blog post

Davis J. Kenya Set To Burn World’s Largest Ever Ivory Stockpile. IFLScience (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. GAO Report on Applying Agreed-Upon Procedures: Airport and Airway Trust Fund Excise Taxes. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

White AE. Female ministers in pastoral leadership: A phenomenological study. (2015).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Candaele K. Postcards From the Edge: The Houston Nomads. New York Times, 81 (1992).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Hepatic Oncology
Abbreviation	Hepat. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	2045-0923
ISSN (online)	2045-0931
Scope	Hepatology Oncology