How to format your references using the Hepatic Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hepatic Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gadagkar R. Evolution. Altruistic wasps? Science 333(6044), 833–834 (2011).

A journal article with 2 authors

Hoffman KL, McNaughton BL. Coordinated reactivation of distributed memory traces in primate neocortex. Science 297(5589), 2070–2073 (2002).

A journal article with 3 authors

Kusky TM, Li JH, Tucker RD. The Archean Dongwanzi ophiolite complex, North China craton: 2.505-billion-year-old oceanic crust and mantle. Science 292(5519), 1142–1145 (2001).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Xu X, Norell MA, Wang X-L, Makovicky PJ, Wu X-C. A basal troodontid from the Early Cretaceous of China. Nature 415(6873), 780–784 (2002).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hoffman RV. Organic Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2004).

An edited book

Noble J. Pro SharePoint 2010 Search. Apress, Berkeley, CA (2011).

A chapter in an edited book

Diehl MC, Elmore LW, Holt SE. Telomere Dysfunction and the DNA Damage Response. In: Telomeres and Telomerase in Cancer. Hiyama K (Ed.), Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 87–125 (2009).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hepatic Oncology.

Blog post

Andrew E. ‘It’s A Crying Shame When Nobel Laureates Are Exposed As Sexist’ (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Guide for Writing Executive Summaries, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, (1986).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nguyen C. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, (2010).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L. 13 Hospitals to Remove Trans Fats From Meals, (2006).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2,4].
This sentence cites four references [2,4,6,8].

About the journal

Full journal title	Hepatic Oncology
Abbreviation	Hepat. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	2045-0923
ISSN (online)	2045-0931
Scope	Hepatology Oncology