How to format your references using the Heat and Mass Transfer citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Heat and Mass Transfer. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smith C (2005) Genomics: big tasks for small molecules. Nature 435:991

A journal article with 2 authors

Smith AE, Helenius A (2004) How viruses enter animal cells. Science 304:237–242

A journal article with 3 authors

Di Matteo T, Springel V, Hernquist L (2005) Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies. Nature 433:604–607

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Leonov I, Poteryaev AI, Gornostyrev YN, et al (2014) Electronic correlations determine the phase stability of iron up to the melting temperature. Sci Rep 4:5585

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Buchenau J (2011) The Last Caudillo. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Kumar MSN, Tafalla M, Caselli P (2005) Cores to Clusters: A Scientific Autobiography. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Erchul WP, Martens BK (2010) The School as a Setting for Consultation. In: Martens BK (ed) School Consultation: Conceptual and Empirical Bases of Practice. Springer, New York, NY, pp 63–80

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Heat and Mass Transfer.

Blog post

Carpineti C (2017) Check Out The Ingenious Way This Seal Manages To Avoid Hungry Orcas. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/check-out-the-ingenious-way-this-seal-manages-to-avoid-hungry-orcas/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1988) Aviation Services: Automation and Consolidation of Flight Service Stations. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

DeMoss MD (2010) Mapping the issues: A content analysis of elementary and secondary education news stories from 1968 to 2008 on television networks. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Haberman M, Pear R (2017) Trump Jumps In, Trying to Propel Health Care Bill. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Heat and Mass Transfer
Abbreviation	Heat Mass Transf.
ISSN (print)	0947-7411
ISSN (online)	1432-1181
Scope	Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes Condensed Matter Physics General Engineering