How to format your references using the Heat and Mass Transfer citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Heat and Mass Transfer. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Severinghaus JP (2009) Atmospheric science. Monsoons and meltdowns. Science 326:240–241

A journal article with 2 authors

Schindler DE, Hilborn R (2015) Sustainability. Prediction, precaution, and policy under global change. Science 347:953–954

A journal article with 3 authors

Aoi S, Kunugi T, Fujiwara H (2008) Trampoline effect in extreme ground motion. Science 322:727–730

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Yin H, Slusky JS, Berger BW, et al (2007) Computational design of peptides that target transmembrane helices. Science 315:1817–1822

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Russell LCR, Hodgetts CTJ, Mahoney CPF, Castle N (2010) Disaster Rules. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Kreuer K-D (2013) Fuel Cells: Selected Entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Hahn RR (2008) Preventing Conflicts by Application of Psychology. In: Felding F (ed) Conflict Prevention in Project Management: Strategies, Methods, Checklists, and Case Studies. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 41–61

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Heat and Mass Transfer.

Blog post

Luntz S (2014) Quasars Not So Complicated. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/quasars-not-so-complicated/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) Granite Sentry. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kerr AB (2012) Exploring relationship awareness in organizational change using the Strength Deployment Inventory. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kaag J (2017) Cosmic Explorer. New York Times BR13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Heat and Mass Transfer
Abbreviation	Heat Mass Transf.
ISSN (print)	0947-7411
ISSN (online)	1432-1181
Scope	Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes Condensed Matter Physics General Engineering