How to format your references using the Heat and Mass Transfer citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Heat and Mass Transfer. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Barry JM (2009) Pandemics: avoiding the mistakes of 1918. Nature 459:324–325

A journal article with 2 authors

Dohoney KM, Gelles J (2001) Chi-sequence recognition and DNA translocation by single RecBCD helicase/nuclease molecules. Nature 409:370–374

A journal article with 3 authors

Alimardani M, Nishio S, Ishiguro H (2013) Humanlike robot hands controlled by brain activity arouse illusion of ownership in operators. Sci Rep 3:2396

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Luyssaert S, Schulze E-D, Börner A, et al (2008) Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks. Nature 455:213–215

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Block T, Eggert H, Kauschke W (2013) Lager im Bauwesen. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Tsakanikos E, McCarthy J (2014) Handbook of Psychopathology in Intellectual Disability: Research, Practice, and Policy. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Ditterline J, Oakland T (2009) Relationships Between Adaptive Behavior and Impairment. In: Naglieri J, Goldstein S (eds) Assessing Impairment: From Theory to Practice. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 31–48

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Heat and Mass Transfer.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) One Injection Reverses Diabetes Symptoms Without Side Effects. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/one-injection-reverses-diabetes-symptoms-without-side-effects/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) GSA: Federal Communications Commission Planned Move to the Portals II Building. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thompson K (2015) Paid formal caregivers and caregiver burden: A quantitative study. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Yeginsu C, Magra I (2017) Chaotic Scramble as Fire Worries Force the Evacuation of 5 High Rises in London. New York Times A8

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Heat and Mass Transfer
Abbreviation	Heat Mass Transf.
ISSN (print)	0947-7411
ISSN (online)	1432-1181
Scope	Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes Condensed Matter Physics General Engineering