How to format your references using the Heart Asia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Heart Asia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gregory RL. Perceptions of knowledge. Nature 2001;410:21.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stephenson NL, Das AJ. Comment on ‘Changes in climatic water balance drive downhill shifts in plant species’ optimum elevations’. Science 2011;334:177; author reply 177.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yu F, Ma J, Han S. Adsorption of tetracycline from aqueous solutions onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes with different oxygen contents. Sci Rep 2014;4:5326.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Shaffer SM, Dunagin MC, Torborg SR, et al. Corrigendum: Rare cell variability and drug-induced reprogramming as a mode of cancer drug resistance. Nature 2018;555:274.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McAulay AD. Military Laser Technology for Defense. Hoboken, NJ: : John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2011.

An edited book

Khurshid S, Sen K, editors. Runtime Verification: Second International Conference, RV 2011, San Francisco, CA, USA, September 27-30, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: : Springer 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Zeng J-Y, Cao X-H, Gan J-Y. An Improvement of AdaBoost for Face Detection with Random Forests. In: Huang D-S, McGinnity M, Heutte L, et al., eds. Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications: 6th International Conference on Intelligent Computing, ICIC 2010, Changsha, China, August 18-21, 2010. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: : Springer 2010. 22–9.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Heart Asia.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Astronomical Observations Might Be The First Clue Of Foam Space-Time. IFLScience. 2017.https://www.iflscience.com/physics/astronomical-observations-might-be-the-first-clue-of-foam-spacetime/ (accessed 30 Oct 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: TSA Has Taken Steps to Improve Oversight of Key Programs, but Additional Actions Are Needed. Washington, DC: : U.S. Government Printing Office 2015.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wolodkowicz R. Leadership qualities and employee-student future intentions. 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart JB. C.E.O.s Long Avoided Politics. Trump Is Changing the Calculus. New York Times. 2017;:B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Heart Asia
Abbreviation	Heart Asia
ISSN (online)	1759-1104
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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