How to format your references using the Health Services and Delivery Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Health Services and Delivery Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Irion R. KIP THORNE: The Shaman of Space and Time. Science 2000;290:1488–91.

A journal article with 2 authors

Huard B, Karlsson L. KIR expression on self-reactive CD8+ T cells is controlled by T-cell receptor engagement. Nature 2000;403:325–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ganesh G, Osu R, Naito E. Feeling the force: returning haptic signals influence effort inference during motor coordination. Sci Rep 2013;3:2648.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhang C, Wang Z, Dong J, Pan R, Qiu H, Zhang J, et al. Bilirubin modulates acetylcholine receptors in rat superior cervical ganglionic neurons in a bidirectional manner. Sci Rep 2014;4:7475.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jeong H. Architectures for Computer Vision. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Karasavvoglou A, Ongan S, Polychronidou P, editors. EU Crisis and the Role of the Periphery. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Morazzani I, Hong D, Lahr D, Ren P. Novel Tripedal Mobile Robot and Considerations for Gait Planning Strategies Based on Kinematics. In: Lee S, Suh IH, Kim MS, editors. Recent Progress in Robotics: Viable Robotic Service to Human: An Edition of the Selected Papers from the 13th International Conference on Advanced Robotics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 35–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Health Services and Delivery Research.

Blog post

Hale T. Bronze Dildos And Jade Butt Plugs Show Life And Death In Ancient China. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017. URL: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/bronze-dildos-and-jade-butt-plugs-show-life-and-death-in-ancient-china/ (Accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Space Based Infrared System High Program and its Alternative. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McElhoes JL. Spatial, Technological, and Functional Variability Among the Prehistoric Ceramics of the Southern California Coast. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach; 2017; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B. As Jaded as Bill Murray Trapped in a Time Warp. New York Times 2016:C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Health Services and Delivery Research
Abbreviation	Health Serv. Deliv. Res.
ISSN (print)	2050-4349
ISSN (online)	2050-4357
Scope