How to format your references using the Health Services and Delivery Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Health Services and Delivery Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Butler D. Developing-world health: the fightback starts here. Nature 2003;426:754.

A journal article with 2 authors

McMurray MA, Gottschling DE. An age-induced switch to a hyper-recombinational state. Science 2003;301:1908–11.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rosin-Arbesfeld R, Townsley F, Bienz M. The APC tumour suppressor has a nuclear export function. Nature 2000;406:1009–12.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhao D, Katsouras I, Li M, Asadi K, Tsurumi J, Glasser G, et al. Polarization fatigue of organic ferroelectric capacitors. Sci Rep 2014;4:5075.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rohde UL, Jain GC, Poddar AK, Ghosh AK. Introduction to Integral Calculus. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Harris D, editor. Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: 9th International Conference, EPCE 2011, Held as Part of HCI International 2011, Orlando, FL, USA, July 9-14, 2011. Proceedings. vol. 6781. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Kim H-J, Seo KK, Lee H-K, Kim J. Clinical Anatomy of the Lower Face for Filler Injection. In: Seo KK, Lee H-K, Kim J, editors. Clinical Anatomy of the Face for Filler and Botulinum Toxin Injection. Singapore: Springer; 2016. p. 153–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Health Services and Delivery Research.

Blog post

Andrew E. No, Sunscreen Will Not Give You Cancer. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Representational Funds: State Department Expenditures at Selected Posts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Conti AI. Dirty hands, virtue ethics, and consequentialism. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach; 2012; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Justices Rule on Retroactivity of Decisions. New York Times 2008:A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Health Services and Delivery Research
Abbreviation	Health Serv. Deliv. Res.
ISSN (print)	2050-4349
ISSN (online)	2050-4357
Scope