How to format your references using the Health Economics Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Health Economics Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Check E. Biomedical funding remains flat. Nature. 2006;439:644.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Gao X, Wang K. Strength of stick-slip and creeping subduction megathrusts from heat flow observations. Science. 2014;345:1038–41.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. de Jong T, Linn MC, Zacharia ZC. Physical and virtual laboratories in science and engineering education. Science. 2013;340:305–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Stefan-van Staden R-I, Gugoaşă LA, Calenic B, Legler J. Pattern recognition of estradiol, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in children’s saliva samples using stochastic microsensors. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5579.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Goossens F. How to Implement Market Models Using VBA. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

1. Esquinas AM, editor. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation: Theory, Equipment, and Clinical Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kolosova N, Bohlmann J. Conifer Defense Against Insects and Fungal Pathogens. In: Matyssek R, Schnyder H, Oßwald W, Ernst D, Munch JC, Pretzsch H, editors. Growth and Defence in Plants: Resource Allocation at Multiple Scales. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 85–109.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Health Economics Review.

Blog post

1. Davis J. Conservation Tags To Track Animals Are Being Hijacked By Poachers [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/conservation-tags-to-track-animals-are-being-hijacked-by-poachers/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Achieving Greater Economies in Data Processing in Federal Government. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981 Jun. Report No.: 115926.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Reddy GS. Modulo Multipliers with Adaptive Delay for a High Dynamic Range Residue Number System Using Booth Encoding [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Sweeney-James KA. A Wedding Night Upgrade at the Plaza. New York Times. 2016 Oct 25;A22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Health Economics Review
Abbreviation	Health Econ. Rev.
ISSN (online)	2191-1991
Scope